【正文】 elease DHCP 服務(wù)器和客戶機(jī)的需求條件 ? DHCP 服務(wù)器需求 (Windows 2022 Server) – DHCP 服務(wù) – 靜態(tài) IP 地址 , 子網(wǎng)掩碼 , 默認(rèn)網(wǎng)關(guān) – 合法的 IP地址范圍 ? DHCP 客戶機(jī) – Windows 2022 server or windows xp – Windows 2022 Professional or Windows 2022 Server – Windows NT Server or Workstation or later – Windows 95 or Windows 98 – Windows for Workgroups , running TCP/IP32 – Microsoft Network Client for MSDOS – LAN Manager – NonMicrosoft operating systems 配置客戶端 安裝 DHCP服務(wù) Networking Services To add or remove a ponent, click the check box. A shaded box means that only part of the ponent will be installed. To see what’s included in a ponent, click Details. Subponents of Networking Services: MB Description: Total disk space required: Space available on disk: MB MB Details... OK Cancel Enables a work connected to the Inter to automatically assign a temporary IP address to a host when the host connects to the work. COM Inter Services Proxy MB Domain Name System (DNS) MB Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) MB Inter Authentication Service MB QoS Admission Control Service MB Simple TCP/IP Services MB Site Server LDAP Services MB 為 DHCP 服務(wù)授權(quán) Domain Controller Active Directory DHCP Client DHCP Server1 checks with the domain controller to obtain a list of authorized DHCP servers Unauthorized Does not service DHCP requests Authorized Services DHCP requests DHCP Server1 DHCP Server2 If DHCP Server1 finds its IP address on the list, the service starts and supports DHCP clients DHCP Server2 checks with the domain controller to obtain a list of authorized DHCP servers If DHCP Server2 does not find its IP address on the list, the service does not start and support DHCP clients DHCP client receives IP address from authorized DHCP Server1 client receives IP address from authorized Server1 DHCP authorization is the process of registering the DHCP Server service in the Active Directory domain to support DHCP clients 作用域的概述 Scope IP Addresses Available for Lease to Client Computers DHCP Server 創(chuàng)建和配制作用域 1. 概述作用域 2. 使用新作用域向?qū)? 3. 配制作用域選項(xiàng) 4. 自定義作用域選項(xiàng)的用法 5. 為客戶機(jī)保留 IP 地址 練習(xí)：創(chuàng)建作用域 使用新作用域向?qū)?lái)： 配制作用域參數(shù)。在這一階段， DHCP客戶機(jī)接受任何 DHCP服務(wù)器發(fā)出的租約。 3. 某些可選值，如 ? 默認(rèn)的網(wǎng)關(guān) ? DNS服務(wù)器的 IP地址 ? WINS服務(wù)器的 IP地址 DHCP 租約的生成過(guò)程（ 1） 1 請(qǐng)求 IP 租約 3 選擇 IP 租約 2 提供 IP 租約 4 確定 IP租約 DHCP 租約的生成過(guò)程（ 2） DHCP client broadcasts a DHCPDISCOVER packet 1 DHCP servers broadcast a DHCPOFFER packet 2 DHCP client broadcasts a DHCPREQUEST packet 3 DHCP Server1 broadcasts a DHCPACK packet 4 DHCP Client DHCP Server1 DHCP Server2 ? DHCP客戶機(jī)發(fā)送完 DHCPdiscover消息后 ,會(huì)等待 DHCP offer消息 ,如果未能接受到 DHCP OFFER,它就會(huì)重試 4次(相隔 2,4,8,16s,加上一個(gè) 0到 1000s之間的隨機(jī)時(shí)間數(shù) ) ? 如果 DHCP客戶機(jī)經(jīng)過(guò)努力仍為獲得任何有效服務(wù)器 的 IP地址將使用 ~ 地址中的一個(gè) IP地址（這也是幫助我們排錯(cuò)的一個(gè) 根據(jù)） ? 每隔５分鐘，該客戶機(jī)都繼續(xù)嘗試發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè) DHCP服 務(wù)器，如果有某個(gè) DHCP服務(wù)器成為可用，客戶機(jī)將 接受到合法的 IP地址． DHCP 租約的生成過(guò)程（ 3） DHCP 租約的更新過(guò)程（ 1） DHCPREQUEST Source IP Address = Dest. IP Address = Requested IP Address = Hardware Address = 08004.... DHCPACK Source IP Address = Dest. IP Address = Offered IP Address = Client Hardware Address = 08004... Sub Mask = Length of Lease = 8 days Server Identifier = DHCP Option: Router = DHCP Client DHCP Server DHCP 租約的更新過(guò)程（ 2） DHCP Client DHCP Server1 DHCP Server2 DHCP Client sends a DHCPREQUEST packet 1 DHCP Server1 sends a DHCPACK packet 2 50% of lease duration has expired % of lease 100 of If the client fails to renew its lease, after 50% of the lease duration has expired, then the DHCP lease renewal process will begin again after % of the lease duration has expired it’s lease, r % of the lease has expired, then the DHCP lease generation process starts over again with a DHCP client broadcasting a DHCPDISCOVER DHCPclient et 50% of leaseduration s DHCP 租約的更新過(guò)程（ 3） ? 自動(dòng)更新租約 – DHCP客戶機(jī)在它們的租約期限已過(guò)去 50%，自動(dòng)嘗試更新租約。 2. 一個(gè)子網(wǎng)掩碼。 –當(dāng)期限過(guò)去 % 發(fā)出廣播再次更新租約。 DHCP 租約的更新過(guò)程 (4) ? 人工更新租約 –如果你需要立即更新 DHCP配置信息，你可以使用人工方式更新 IP租約。s DC appname \0x14 special app server popular PRE source server localsrv PRE needed for the include BEGIN_ALTERNATE INCLUDE \\localsrv\public\lmhosts INCLUDE \\rhino\public\lmhosts END_ALTERNATE WINS作用簡(jiǎn)介 ? WINS名字服務(wù)是以點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)的方式直接通信，可以跨越路由器訪問(wèn)其它子網(wǎng)的計(jì)算機(jī)。 ? 名稱釋放響應(yīng) –當(dāng) WINS接收到名稱釋放要求后將檢查WINS數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，尋找要釋