【正文】 a Lab, a prototype is already being built which will determine how sleepy you are as you drive, which is especially important for longdistance truck drivers. The monotonous, almost hypnotic process of staring at the center divider for long hours is a grossly underestimated, lifethreatening hazard. To eliminate this, a tiny camera hidden in the dashboard can be trained on a driver’s face and eyes. If the Supplementary Reading After Reading Detailed Reading Global Reading Before Reading Unit 2 Smart Cars D R _ Text 5 Two of the most frustrating things about driving a car are getting lost and getting stuck in traffic. While the puter revolution is unlikely to cure these problems, it will have a positive impact. Sensors in your car tuned to radio signals from orbiting satellites can locate your car precisely at any moment and warn of traffic jams. We already have twentyfour Navstar satellites orbiting the earth, making up what is called the Global Positioning System. They make it possible to determine your location on the earth to within about a hundred feet. Supplementary Reading After Reading Detailed Reading Global Reading Before Reading Unit 2 Smart Cars D R _ Text 6 At any given time, there are several GPS satellites orbiting overhead at a distance of about 11,000 miles. Each satellite contains four “atomic clocks,” which vibrate at a precise frequency, according to the laws of the quantum theory. As a satellite passes overhead, it sends out a radio signal that can be detected by a receiver in a car’s puter. The car’s puter can then calculate how far the satellite is by measuring how long it took for the signal to arrive. Since the speed of light is well known, any delay in receiving the satellite’s signal can be converted into a distance. Supplementary Reading After Reading Detailed Reading Global Reading Before Reading Unit 2 Smart Cars D R _ Text 7 In Japan there are already over a million cars with some type of navigational capability. (Some of them locate a car’s position by correlating the rotations in the steering wheel to its position on a map.) With the price of microchips dropping so drastically, future applications of GPS are virtually limitless. “The mercial industry is poised to explode,” says Randy Hoffman of Magellan Systems Corp., which manufactures navigational systems. Blind individuals could use GPS sensors in walking sticks, airplanes could land by remote control, hikers will be able to locate their position in the woods—the list of potential uses is endless. Supplementary Reading After Reading Detailed Reading Global Reading Before Reading Unit 2 Smart Cars GPS is actually but part of a larger movement, called “telematics,” which will eventually attempt to put smart cars on smart highways. Prototypes of such highways already exist in Europe, and experiments are being made in California to mount puter chips, sensors, and radio transmitters on highways to alert cars to traffic jams and obstructions. On an eightmile stretch of Interstate 15 ten miles north of San Diego, traffic engineers are installing an MITdesigned system which will introduce the “automated driver.” The plan calls for puters, aided by thousands of threeinch magic spikes buried in the highway, to take plete control of the driving of cars on heavily trafficked roads. Cars will be bunched into groups of ten to twelve vehicles, only six feet apart, traveling in unison, and controlled by puter. D R _ Text 8 Supplementary Reading After Reading Detailed Reading Global Reading Before Reading Unit 2 Smart Cars D R _ Text 9 Promoters of this puterized highway have great hopes for its future. By 2022, telematics may well be incorporated into one of the major highways in the United States. If successful, by 2020, as the price of microchips drops to below a penny a piece, telematics could be adopted in thousands of miles of highways in the United States. This could prove to be an environmental boon as well, saving fuel, reducing traffic jams, decreasing air pollution, and serving as an alternative to highway expansion. Supplementary Reading After Reading Detailed Reading Global Reading Before Reading Unit 2 Smart Cars D R _ Sentence 1 _ Sales of the … How do you understand the word “stand”? “ Stand” is used to show a particular level or amount. For example: Inflation currently stands at nine per cent. Your bank balance stands at $460. Sales of the automobile industry stand at about a trillion dollars, making it the world’s biggest manufacturing industry. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 汽車工業(yè)的銷售額達(dá)一萬(wàn)億美元左右，從而成為世界上最大的制造業(yè)。 Supplementary Reading After Reading Detailed Reading Global Reading Before Reading Unit 2 Smart Cars D R _ word _ lucrative lucrative: adj. producing much money。 She manufactured a false story to hide the facts. Supplementary Reading After Reading Detailed Reading Global Reading Before Reading Unit 2 Smart Cars He made a model plane out of wood. 他用木頭做了一架模型飛機(jī)。 CF: manufacture 使用范圍較窄，既可指通過使用工業(yè)機(jī)械，亦 指粗制濫造以一種機(jī)械的方式創(chuàng)作、制作或完 成。 get rid of 她已被取消了參加游泳比賽的資格。 Mary started up the engine and drove for her hometown. Put the key in the ignition and turn it to start the car up. Supplementary Reading After Reading Detailed Reading Global Reading Before Reading Unit 2 Smart Cars D R _ word _ alert1 alert: 1. vt. warn sb. that there may be danger, trouble, etc. The doctor alerted me to the dangers of smoking. 2. adj. attentive。例如： D R _ word _ alert2 alert amp。 Supplementary Reading After Reading Detailed Reading Global Reading Before Reading Unit 2 Smart Cars D R _ word _ alert3 He was absolutely attentive to research into the cause of cancer. 他專心致志研究癌癥的起