【正文】
一般過(guò)去時(shí):was/were+eaten一般將來(lái)時(shí):will/shall/be going to be+eaten (1)不知道或沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。(沒(méi)有必要或說(shuō)出出版者) (2)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者,而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。 (3) 為了更好地安排句子。 (2)把謂語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)(be+過(guò)去分詞) 例如: 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng),be后“過(guò)分”來(lái)使用。例如: This work must be done soon.六、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)需要注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題.(1)時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。 動(dòng)詞make/buy//get用for。(雙賓語(yǔ),人間物直, me為間接賓語(yǔ),a book 為直接賓語(yǔ))He is called Louis.(5)當(dāng)“動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ),其余不動(dòng)。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。有: It is said that… 據(jù)說(shuō),It is reported that…據(jù)報(bào)道,It is believed that…大家相信,It is hoped that…大家希望,It is well known that…眾所周知,It is thought that…大家認(rèn)為,It is suggested that…據(jù)建議。t lock. (指門本身有毛病) The door won39?! 。?) 在need,want,require, bear等詞的后面,動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義,其含義相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式?! ±?I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. (to do與things是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,與I是主謂關(guān)系?! ±齌his problem is difficult to work out .(可看作to work out省略了for me).?。?) 在too… to…結(jié)構(gòu)中,不定式前面可加邏輯主語(yǔ),所以應(yīng)用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。然而,由于古英語(yǔ)的影響,下列動(dòng)詞rent,blame,let等仍用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義?! ±齌he building is under construction( is being constructed). ?。?)“beyond+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu),“出乎……勝過(guò)……、范圍、限度”。如:for sale(出售), for rent(出租)等。 例Today some treasures are on show in the museum (= are being showed). ?。?)“out of+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu) ; 表示 “超出…… 之外“,常見(jiàn)的有:out of control (控制不了),out of sight (超出視線之外),out of one’s reach(夠不著), out of fashion(不流行)等。s permission