20xx電大《橋梁工程》期末復(fù)習(xí)考試題庫匯總資料小抄-預(yù)覽頁
【正文】 總荷載將隨時(shí)發(fā)生變化，因此，以一條選定的拱軸線去適應(yīng)頻繁變化的荷載壓力線是不可能的；(2)主拱并非絕對(duì)剛體，承載后將發(fā)生變形，變形后的實(shí)際拱軸線將偏離原來設(shè)計(jì)位置，即使是與設(shè)計(jì)拱軸線相適應(yīng)的荷載作用下，主拱截面也將出現(xiàn)彎矩。(2)橋墩、橋臺(tái)、墩臺(tái)基礎(chǔ)（統(tǒng)稱下部結(jié)構(gòu)），是支承橋跨結(jié)構(gòu)并將恒載和車輛等荷載傳至地基的建筑物。4．拱橋的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)有哪些？拱橋的優(yōu)點(diǎn)主要有：跨越能力較大；材料的適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)；節(jié)約鋼材；橋形美觀；耐久性好，養(yǎng)護(hù)維修費(fèi)用省。(3)配合施工過程控制需進(jìn)行倒拆法與正裝法結(jié)構(gòu)分析。 2．橋面鋪裝是車輪直接作用的部分，其主要功用是什么？橋面鋪裝主要功用有三點(diǎn)(1)防止車輛輪胎或履帶直接磨損橋面板；(2)保護(hù)主梁免受雨水侵蝕；(3)分布車輪集中荷載。 4．杠桿法計(jì)算荷載橫向分布系數(shù)的步驟是什么？ (1)繪制主梁的荷載反力影響線；(2)確定荷載的橫向最不利的布置；(3)內(nèi)插計(jì)算對(duì)應(yīng)于荷載位置的影響線縱標(biāo)Tli；(4)計(jì)算主梁在車道荷載和人群荷載作用下的橫向分布系數(shù)?？鐝皆酱螅讛?shù)越少，上部結(jié)構(gòu)的造價(jià)就越高，墩臺(tái)的造價(jià)就相對(duì)減少；反之則反是。角擴(kuò)散到行車道板上。盆式橡膠支座用鋼盆中的橡膠板承壓和轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，由于將純氯丁橡膠塊放置在鋼制的凹形金屬盆內(nèi)橡膠處于有側(cè)限受壓狀態(tài)，大大提高了支座的承載能力。2．對(duì)于城市橋梁橋面的排水設(shè)施處理時(shí)，應(yīng)注意的問題有哪些? 答案要點(diǎn)：對(duì)于城市橋梁、立交橋，應(yīng)該避免泄水管掛在橋下，這樣影響橋的外觀及城市公共衛(wèi)生。4．拱橋的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)有哪些?答案要點(diǎn)：拱橋的優(yōu)點(diǎn)主要有：(1)跨越能力較大；(2)材料的適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)；(3)節(jié)約鋼材；(4)橋形美觀；(5)耐久性好沒，養(yǎng)護(hù)維修費(fèi)用省。 請(qǐng)刪除O(∩_∩)O謝謝： Foreigners flock to China39。s 39。s porcelain capital, where fine ceramics have been produced for more than 1,700 years, attracting numerous porcelain pilgrims from across the globe. Unlike huge Chinese metropolises such as Beijing and Shanghai, Jingdezhen is a prefecturelevel city with no bar streets or international stores that are popular among expatriates. But despite its lack of Western chain stores, Jingdezhen is one of the most international cities in inland China, with ceramic studios owned by foreigners dotting the streets, the surrounding countryside and even remote mountaintops. When she first visited the city in 2011, De La Vega was impressed by the discarded pieces of porcelain she found lying around. I dug out many pieces from the soil around the ceramics works all the old Buddha heads, hands and feet, which I rebuilt into new sculptures and used in my next exhibition in Australia, she said. I love this place because the process of making ceramics is a very peaceful one. Visafree policy brings Chengdu biz, tourism boost. Making national headlines several times, Chengdu39。s ancient indigenous religion, while Du jiang yan is considered to be the oldest functioning watercontrol project in the world. Chengdu ranked third in tourist facilities, management and services among 60 Chinese cities in a customer satisfaction survey released last year. But, Li added that efforts are still needed to develop more tourism products, improve English services and provide accurate translation of traffic signs and scenic billboards. Zhao Yun, chairwoman of British Chamber of Commerce Southwest China, told China Daily that his colleagues found the policy very convenient. A British client once flew here and stayed for just one day to check her ordered goods, she said. Zhao was born in Shanxi province, but she has lived in Chengdu for more than 10 years. My life was like a running race moving from place to place. I also lived in Beijing and Shanghai before, she said. But Chengdu is a place that you never want to leave once settling down. It is now my second hometown, she said. If the environment is further improved, the city will attract more people to visit and live, with the 72hour visafree policy and pelling conditions in transportation, culture, climate and cuisine, he said. Foreigners also gave positive feedback on the policy. A spokesman from Dell Inc said the pany has a global hub of operation in Chengdu, so the threeday visa has an immediate and positive influence on the pany39。an. Lou held a joint interview with 27 media, including China Daily, the first in a series of interviews entitled Chinese Media Along the Silk Road. The interviews will be in Shaanxi and Gansu provinces and the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, as well as Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkey. The media group held the first interview on Wednesday morning in Xi39。hot temperatures, humidcope with the heat and remain beautyconscious?are much more that ancient wisdom has to offer.
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