【正文】 st menial of jobs.結構分析:句子的框架是these women have…given voice…to what they know from experience that…。intimidated by arguments意為“被論點搞得驚慌害怕”。譯文：有人說，孩子們在雙語課堂里會感到更加自由自在，而在正規(guī)班級會喪失其傳統(tǒng)文化。其中介詞on加which引導定語從句修飾主語the presumption。 needed to make an entire individual為過去分詞短語做genetic instructions的后置定語。譯文：人類克隆賴以存在的假定是:雖然所有的細胞現(xiàn)已全部特化，但卻仍然包含有發(fā)育為完整個體所需的與母體完全一致的全部遺傳指令。an empirical regularity后又有定語從句that cannot be subsumed under more general laws or theories修飾。17. It is because of the close association in most people’s minds of tools with man that special attention has always been focused upon any animal able to use an object as a tool，but it is important to realize that this ability，on its own，does not necessarily indicate any special intelligence in the creature concerned.結構分析:句子的框架是It is because of…that…，but it is important to realize that…。兩個并列句中分別有able to use an object as a tool和concerned分別做其前面名詞animal和the creature的后置定語。譯文： 正是由于在大多數(shù)人頭腦中工具與人類聯(lián)系密切，人類才特別關注有能力把物體當工具使用的任何一種動物。at which tool using and tool making acquire evolutionary significance為定語從句修飾主語the point。譯文：當一種動物能夠使自己操縱物體的能力適用于更廣泛的目標范圍，并且能夠自發(fā)地使用物體解決只有通過工具才能解決的嶄新問題時，工具的使用和制造就肯定達到了具有進化意義的階段。關系副詞when引導定語從句,修飾century。譯文：在16世紀的時候，人文主義運動促進了歐洲各國的學術運動，人們都想顯示自己的博學多才，從而出現(xiàn)了一股使用拉丁字詞的潮流。分號連接兩個并列分句。 you hxdyen’t heard before又是省略了關系代詞which的定語從句，修飾strange word。如果下次你聽到有人用一個你以前從未聽到過的新詞，你可以這樣安慰自己說，很可能在什么地方有一個講英語的本地人也不認識這個字呢!21. Despite the saying that one never knows if lightning strikes him，a person can sometimes feel the bolt ing and if quick enough，take protective action in time.結構分析:句子的框架是a person can…feel the bolt and…take protective action…。句中bolt譯為“閃電”。as such做The“shareholder”的定語，employed by the pany in which he held shares是過去分詞短語作定語，修飾workmen，分詞短語中含有in which he held shares定語從句，修飾pany。譯文:受聘于公司并代表公司的經(jīng)理與工人及其需求的關系更加直接，但是,就連他對工人們也沒有那種熟識的私人之間的了解。主句中關系代詞which引導定語從句修飾corporate brand，此定語從句中in people’s minds把associated with分隔開來。25. However，the criminals quickly came to realize that the real value in the puters is in the chip which is remarkably portable and unidentifiable，so even when caught the police hxdye trouble proving the theft.結構分析:句子的框架是the fraternity…came to realize that…so…the police hxdye trouble…。 so后面句子里when caught是過去分詞做狀語，when caught即when the thief was caught。26. Although perhaps only 1 percent of the life that has started somewhere will develop into highly plex and intelligent patterns，so vast is the number of planets that intelligent life is bound to be a natural part of the :句子的框架是Although…，so vast is the number of planets that…。be bound to意為“一定,必定”。分句an element…landowners 又帶有兩個定語，一個是representing… ，另一個是detached…。 meeting to dictate their orders to the management. 結構分析：Towns…sprang up…classes who…, and who…。that of drawing dividends 結構中，draw是收取的意思，dividend指紅利，that of sth結構是名詞性的，that指代relation。29．Robert Fulton once wrote, “The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheels, etc., like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea.”結構分析：句子主干Robert Fulton once wrote, “The mechanic should sit down…, like a…, considering them as…, in which a…”，considering…分句是現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語，可以拿到句首，也可以在句尾，in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea是非限定性定語從句。being to some extent selfaccelerating是現(xiàn)在分詞短語做定語，意為“屬于”。譯文：這種趨勢始于第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，當時一些國家的政府得出結論：政府向科研機構提出的具體要求，通常是無法詳盡預見的。so made指“如此構成”，so和后面的that構成so…that結構，意為“如此…以至于…”。主語是new forms和new subjects，后跟介詞短語as well as new subjects for thought，謂語是must arise。35．For Lloyd Nickson, a 54 years old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally III law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing ：句子主干是the NT Rights…means he can get on with living without…。36．Someone trxdyeling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or ：句子主干Someone had nowhere to turn to。37．We live a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the ：句子主干是We live in a society。在冒號后的部分中，quiet是及物動詞，是“鎮(zhèn)靜”的意思。and引導的分句省略了謂語動詞marked ，所以該分句并不隸屬于第一分句，而是與之并列的結構，when引導的是第二個分句的時間狀語從句。譯文：但他也談到了創(chuàng)作自由與社會責任之間要“努力保持均衡”這一問題。Before后面的成分是對全句的補充說明，是狀語成分。41．Economists hxdye been particularly surprised by fxdyorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America39。譯文：特別讓經(jīng)濟學家感到詫異的是，英美兩國的通貨膨脹帶來的是良性的結果。主句很簡單，而because引導的原因狀語從句中，又有一個that引導的賓語從句。that引導的賓語從句中，as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements充當了補語的角色。45．When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind39。冒號后面的復合句里有一個that從句，做instinct的定語。but后面省略了the Aswan Dam。47．The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying ：句子主干是The trouble is that…is due to…, and so is not…the trouble is that…是表語從句結構。48．New ways of organizing the workplace all that reengineering and downsizing are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and ：句子主干是New ways of…workplace…are only one contribution to…, which is…, and…兩個破折號中間的成分為插入結構，可以視為括號里面的內(nèi)容。49．His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many panies hxdye applied reengineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long term ：句子主干是His colleague,…, says，that… 引導的是賓語從句, chopping out costs without giving sufficient…是現(xiàn)在分詞短語結構做狀語。譯文：，香蕉等放在一起廉價銷售這一做法使其形象受損，品牌價值也因此受到了影響，這勢必會使產(chǎn)品缺乏新意，最終減少消費者的選擇。譯文：舊金山的一個研究中心刑法政策研究所,上周發(fā)表的研究結果表明，在加利福尼亞，因為犯重罪被少年法庭轉出,而以成人的身份被審判逮捕的非白人少年，比白人少年的兩倍還要多。 pushing a bill that would extend Alabama