辦公樓地源熱泵空調(diào)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯-預(yù)覽頁
【正文】 the radiant cooling system, cold water is circulated through plastic piping. These pipes can be embedded into the slab either closer to the floor or at the ceiling level. If in bination with radiant, warm water piping, utilizing the same pipes, a location in the floor is preferable, since heat radiation from a ceiling surface to occupants in a room is undesirable. In both instances the presence of a thermal storage mass, such as the concrete floor slab, is necessary to house the piping. The pipes are distributed in a pattern of meandering tracks and need to be coordinated with the steel reinforcing in the concrete slab and possibly with electrical conduit and wiring. The underside of the concrete slabs is exposed to the floor space below and acts similar to the cold water circulating through the pipes as a heat sink for the warm air in the room, thereby replacing the air in the traditional forced air system. Taking advantage of the storage capacity o f the concrete provides the opportunity to shift the building peak load away from the utility grid peak. This translates into substantial energy savings in the building, as water is about three times more efficient than air as a heat transfer medium. In the case of the Brose building our current conservative estimate predicts energy savings of 10% over the traditional forced air system. Other radiant cooling systems place the cooled piping grid into a panel, which is suspended from the structural slab, thus eliminating the need for a concrete slab and the more laborious integration involved. Those panels are usually built from aluminum panels, with metal tubes connected to the rear of the panel. An alternative is to build a sandwich system, in which the water flow paths are included between two aluminum panels. It is important to point out the all panel systems are unable to take advantage of thermal mass due to the absence of embedded piping in a structural concrete slab, yet open opportunities for a more flexible solution of acoustical and electrical lighting requirements. Embedded capillary tubes, embedded in concrete slabs only takes fully advantage of thermal storage capabilities of the respective mass if these masses are exposed to surrounding thermal ambient air conditions. Cooling grids can also be imbedded in plaster, gypsum board, or mounted on ceiling panels. These systems provide an even surface temperature distribution. Due to the fact that plastic tubing for hydronic heating and cooling is flexible。大廈被設(shè)計(jì)是一種承重 、 現(xiàn)場澆筑 混凝土結(jié)構(gòu) ， 以嵌入 液體循環(huán)輻射冷卻和加熱的輸送管道。 , 本文的作者是 LEED?， 這種新設(shè)施的被檢定的設(shè)計(jì)建筑師 并 負(fù)責(zé)編程 , 概要設(shè)計(jì)和設(shè)計(jì)發(fā)展。由于在美國市場上份額的增量和在斯圖加特 , 德國購買 生產(chǎn) 羅伯特 ? Bosch 汽車門關(guān)閉 系統(tǒng) 的 GmbH 分公司 , 公司決定在 Auburn Hills 、密執(zhí)安 為 雇員計(jì)劃 建造 一種新設(shè)施 , 將不僅容納美國大陸 的 中央管理 , 而且 包括為雇員提供的 必要的測試和商店設(shè)施、音響 室 和訓(xùn)練 設(shè)施。在所有三個(gè)大廈 , 被激活的和被運(yùn)用的熱量大量的概念被使用了在依照對他們自己的主要結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)。設(shè)計(jì) 綜 合了中央系統(tǒng)暖氣、 加 濕 器 和在 使用 熱量 的 夏天 制冷 。在所有藝術(shù)的和諧合作 中 , 我認(rèn)為 包括工程學(xué)藝術(shù)。沐浴在羅馬時(shí)期是一 種 社交活動 , 持續(xù)幾個(gè)小時(shí) , 包括 Caldarium, (溫水池 ), 和 Frigidarium(冷水水池 )。熔爐廢氣通過許多墻壁 里的 通氣管 排出 , 為 整個(gè)屋子提供另外的熱 量 。他們被廣泛應(yīng)用在建筑業(yè)中 。但是 , 用戶怨言所有關(guān)于空氣體制 的 改革 ，設(shè)計(jì)者 對于技術(shù)的態(tài)度 , 導(dǎo)致新 液體循環(huán)加熱 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 得到 更好的控制。這些管子可能被埋置入平板 ， 或離地板較近或 與 天花板水平。 在 混凝土地板面積的下面 ， 冷水流通過管子 ，對于 屋子里溫暖的空氣 類 似一臺吸熱器 , 因此 可以起到降溫的作用 。其它輻射的冷卻系統(tǒng)安置冷卻的 管路 柵格入盤區(qū) ,從結(jié)構(gòu)平板暫停 ,如此 克服 需要 對于一塊介入的混凝土板的 更加費(fèi)力的綜合化 。 冷卻的柵格可能并且被埋置在石膏板里 , 或在天花板 中 。主要好處是 , 通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)和他 們的輸送管只需要常規(guī) HVAC 系統(tǒng)大約 20%的空間需要 , 減少費(fèi)用。與高效率的通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)和濕氣 控制一起 ,的冷卻系統(tǒng) 比 常規(guī) HVAC 系統(tǒng)在大廈設(shè)計(jì)期間 更 值得考慮。大廈的 100,000 m2 天花板區(qū)域有大約 60%被裝備以輻射的冷卻盤區(qū) , 并且預(yù)計(jì)這些系統(tǒng)比提供同樣冷卻作用的所有空氣系統(tǒng) 在 操作時(shí) 要求較少冷卻的能量。因?yàn)榧訜岷屠鋮s的熱量主要大量供給它的嵌入液體循環(huán)系統(tǒng) , 透氣基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施可能變得顯著更小。連同液體輻射冷卻系統(tǒng) , 位移透氣被使用在了北歐的劇院、辦公樓、餐館和觀眾席，所有應(yīng)用至少二十年污染物不比空氣重。 輸送的回流空氣返回到空氣處理系統(tǒng) , 系統(tǒng)將進(jìn)行自由冷卻以進(jìn)一步減少能源消
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