火災(zāi)報(bào)警器中英文文獻(xiàn)翻譯--基于單片機(jī)的火災(zāi)探測(cè)和監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)-單片機(jī)-預(yù)覽頁(yè)
【正文】 gs and other functions on chip. At the system level, the new chips make new architectures possible. The objective of this paper is to show how technology can influence system architecture in the field of fire control. The new high density single chip microcontrollers are incorporated in the design of a large scale system and yet we obtain a smaller system with a better performance. In terms of fire detection and alarm monitoring, this is reflected directly in the local station hardware, because of their remoteness and power supply requirements. A plete local station can be designed around a single CMOS chip with power consumption of a few m W depending on system operation. This approach reduces the cost and plexity of design, implementation and maintenance and provides easily expandable and portable design. This implementation was not possible with old technology. Most of fire detection/monitoring systems available are tailored towards a specific application and lack the use of recent advances in CMOS VLSI technology. In this study, we develop a fire detection/monitoring system which is general in concept, readily implementable in a multitude of applications for early detection of a fire before it bees critical, for equipment and evacuation of personnel. Here, we propose a central control and distributed control/detection/monitoring with adequate munication, where use is made of singlechip microcontrollers in the local stations, thus improving controllability and observability of the monitoring process. 2 Detection and alarm devices A basic fire detection system consists of two parts, detection and annunciation. An automatic detection device, such as a heat, smoke or flame detector, ultraviolet or infrared detectors or flame flicker, is based on detecting the byproduct of a bustion. Smoke detectors, of both ionization and optical types, are the most monly used detector devices. When a typical detector of this type enters the alarm state its current consumption increases from the pA to the mA range (say, from a mere 15pA in the dormant mode to 60 mA) in the active mode. Inmany detectors the detector output voltage is well defined under various operating conditions, such as those given in Table 1. The more sensitive the detector, the more susceptible it is to false alarms. In order to control the detector precisely, either of the following methods is used: a coincidence technique can be built into the detector, or a filtering technique such that a logic circuit bees active only if x alarms are detected within a time period T. The detection technique depends greatly on the location and plant being protected。 this reduces power consumption. (b) It has a UART on board。 Comp. Eng., Concordia University, Montreal, Canada, 1985 10 LIE, P., and KOTAMARTI, U.: ‘The design of a fire alarm system using microprocessors’, C481 Project, Dept. of Elec. and Comp. Eng., Concordia University, Montreal, Canada, 1986 譯 文 基于單片機(jī)的火災(zāi)探測(cè)和監(jiān)控系統(tǒng) . AIKhalili, MSc, PhD D. AIKhalili, MSc, PhD . Khassem, MSc 關(guān)鍵詞 ：危險(xiǎn)，設(shè)計(jì)，設(shè)備狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè) 摘要 ：火災(zāi)探測(cè)及報(bào)警監(jiān)控已成為一個(gè)復(fù)雜而完整的體系。設(shè)計(jì)延續(xù)一般形式，這樣可以適應(yīng)于多種系統(tǒng)的配置。 （二）主從控制器有另外的溝通路徑。 它也被用來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)特殊情況和進(jìn)行深被檢測(cè)。 技術(shù)對(duì)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)有很深的影響。 當(dāng)然這種技術(shù)的變化必然影響在芯片和系統(tǒng)級(jí)我們的硬件設(shè)計(jì)。本文的目的是體現(xiàn)技術(shù)如何影響消防控制領(lǐng)域的系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)。這種方法降低了成本和設(shè)計(jì)復(fù)雜性，方便實(shí)施和維護(hù)，并提供易于擴(kuò)展和便攜式設(shè)計(jì)。在這里，我們提出一個(gè)中央控制和分發(fā)控制 /檢測(cè) /充分的溝通，如果使用的單芯片微控制器在分控制站，從而提高可控性和可 觀性的監(jiān)測(cè)過(guò)程。 當(dāng)這種類型的典型探測(cè)器進(jìn)入報(bào)警狀態(tài)產(chǎn)生的電流信號(hào)會(huì)從 PA 變成 MA （比如，從單純的 15pA 在休眠模式下為 60 毫安）在主動(dòng)模式。檢測(cè)技術(shù)在很大程度上取決于地點(diǎn)和植物受到保護(hù)，煙霧探測(cè)器是睡覺(jué)的地方，紅外線和紫外線輻射探 測(cè)器，檢測(cè)易燃液體燃燒，熱探測(cè)器用于滅火和滅火系統(tǒng)。 控制理念和分工 我們的理念是實(shí)施控制等級(jí)。這是圖所示。在各級(jí)提供手操作模式。命令傳輸是單向的總是向下，并在擴(kuò)大局部控制的水平。這個(gè)系統(tǒng)采用四個(gè)導(dǎo)體開(kāi)放的路線，在所有遠(yuǎn)程共享一個(gè)循環(huán)電纜設(shè)備和控制面板。固可采用兩個(gè)甚至三個(gè)電纜采取不同的線路連接，可并行連接。在該系統(tǒng)介紹了中央控制單元的目的 （一） 它得到了分控制站的信息和控制警鐘及其他輸出設(shè)備。 （五） 它提供了一個(gè)中心點(diǎn)觀察，學(xué)習(xí)和適應(yīng)。很明顯，一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的機(jī)器，需要在這個(gè)階段，使所有需要的功能得到有效執(zhí)行。該芯片的選擇的，包含要求的模擬和數(shù)字接口所需的端口和 CMOS 技術(shù)的運(yùn)用 ， 由于地處偏僻的分控制站最一體化。符合分控制站所有的內(nèi)存和 1 / 0 的要求。板載振蕩器，是一個(gè) MHz的外部晶體結(jié)合，提供時(shí)間信號(hào)，它被分為 4 個(gè)內(nèi)部收益率為 千赫，這是一個(gè)更多的 RS 232 [7]波特率發(fā)生器的處理器頻率微控制器。每個(gè)地方控制站可以自主作出的決定如果上級(jí)機(jī)構(gòu)，允許它這樣做。 該應(yīng)用程序都是使用這個(gè)顯示器提供
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