【正文】 ，導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的社會(huì)后果，形成不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，可為了企業(yè)的生存，他必須這么做。兩項(xiàng)措施都比較有力地推動(dòng)了企業(yè)的經(jīng)營(yíng)，不僅提高了產(chǎn)品的高科技含量，提高了產(chǎn)品自身的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，而且由于銷(xiāo)售成本的提高，開(kāi)拓市場(chǎng)的能力也得到了較大的增強(qiáng)，不過(guò)，這些高比例的銷(xiāo)售業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)用中的相當(dāng)一部分，被產(chǎn)品銷(xiāo)售人員來(lái)作為回扣或向有關(guān)人員送禮打開(kāi)市場(chǎng)，高比例的回扣及可觀(guān)的“好處費(fèi)”，是其打開(kāi)市場(chǎng)的重要原因。為了加快經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，市政府決定進(jìn)行改制。根據(jù)此理論可以得出人類(lèi)的需要具有怎樣的特征。2． 何謂管理原理？列舉一條常用的管理原理，舉例說(shuō)明其運(yùn)用。四，案例分析（滿(mǎn)分15分）大戰(zhàn)已過(guò)，斯隆和他手下的精英打算為通用的未來(lái)翻開(kāi)新的一頁(yè)。8． 何謂制度創(chuàng)新二，閱讀理解（共1小題，滿(mǎn)分15）三，一個(gè)企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)的效果不僅取決于管理，也取決于其他因素，無(wú)論如何，管理知識(shí)庫(kù)不包括一個(gè)企業(yè)所采用的全部知識(shí)，那些屬于企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)基礎(chǔ)中的專(zhuān)門(mén)知識(shí)（或稱(chēng)之為科學(xué)），諸如工程技術(shù)，制造，營(yíng)銷(xiāo)和財(cái)產(chǎn)，這些對(duì)于企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)都是至關(guān)重要的。2． 何謂行為管理學(xué)派？ 3． 計(jì)劃職能的含義。73．既然對(duì)智力的評(píng)估是比較而言的，那么我們必須確保，在對(duì)我們的對(duì)象進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，我們所用的尺度能提供“有效的”或“公平的”比較。what we are interested in is whether we can conclude from his mark on the test that the child win do better or worse than other children of his age at tasks which we think require 39。 or 39。t and the International Hockey Federator are finished.”The president of the Federation said later that such behavior could result in the suspension of the team for at least three American basketball team announced that they would not yield first place to Russia, after a disputable end to their game had ended in was thought at first that the United States had won, by a single point, but it was announced that there were three seconds still to Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the other, and another player popped it into the was the first time the USA had ever lost an Olympic basketball appeal jury debated the matter for four and a half hours before anenouncing that the result would American players then voted not to receive the silver of this kind will continue as long as sport is played petitively rather than for the love of the suggestion that athletes should pete as individuals, or in nonnational teams, might be too much to hope in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive to the author, recent Olympic Games have__ goodwill between the nations only false national pride showed any imitational friendship to more and more misunderstanding and hatred did the manager mean by saying, “...? Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished ? team would no longer take part in international and the Federation are both ruined by the unfair should be no more hockey matches organized by the Federation should be basketball example implied that much patriotism was displayed in the incident announcement to prolong the match was wrong appeal jury was too hesitant in making the decision American team was right in rejecting the silver medals author gives the two examples in paragraphs 2 and 3 to show false national pride led to undesirable incidents in international games sportsmen have been more obedient than they used to be petitiveness in the games discourages international friendship unfair decisions are mon in Olympic Games conclusion can be drawn from the passage? organization of the Olympic Games must be should pete as individual in the Olympic should be played petitively rather than for the love of the contests are liable for misunderstanding between the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.(15 points)Intelligence39。 s surface article was written to explain greenhouse effect solar effects on the earth models of solarweather interactions causes affecting weather the fuel consumption is greater in the nor them hemisphere, temperatures there seem to be is because the levels of carbon dioxide are rising because the ice caps in the poles are melting due to the effect of the anemia of the earth39。s this is right, the warming effect of carbon dioxide might thus be serving as a useful counterbalance to the sun39。s rays to enter but prevents the heat from to a weather expert39。 s prompt response to difficult and severe conditions driver39。or the man who waves a child across a zebra crossing into the path of oning vehicles that may be unable to stop in same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these veteran driver, whose milliners are faultless, told me it would help if motorists leant to filter correctly into traffic streams one at a time without causing the total blockages that give rise to bad , modern motorists can39。Be Kind to Other Drivers39。（1分）③在對(duì)中國(guó)最惠國(guó)待遇問(wèn)題上，美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)有不同的主張。（1分）②將最惠國(guó)待遇問(wèn)題與所謂人權(quán)問(wèn)題掛鉤的政策改為相互脫鉤。：①“八五”期間我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的特點(diǎn)是：經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速發(fā)展，實(shí)力大大增強(qiáng)；（1分）高速增長(zhǎng)靠的是高消耗、粗放經(jīng)營(yíng)，存在著浪費(fèi)嚴(yán)重、經(jīng)濟(jì)效益低狀況。蔣介石不允許任何民主改革，很快撕毀了政協(xié)協(xié)議，發(fā)動(dòng)了全面內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，之后又宣布民盟為“非法”。（1分）為實(shí)現(xiàn)和平民主，共產(chǎn)黨作了一定的讓步，采納了民盟的一些主張。矛盾是普遍的、絕對(duì)的，存在于一切事物發(fā)展的過(guò)程中，又貫穿于一切過(guò)程的始終。要求論述緊扣題意，合乎邏輯。因此，公民的政治權(quán)利是不受教育程度限制的。盡管價(jià)格是價(jià)值的表現(xiàn)形式，但有價(jià)格的東西并不一定具有價(jià)值。（2分）歷史事件是歷史主客體多種復(fù)雜因素相互作用的結(jié)果，它總是個(gè)別的、具體的、不可重復(fù)的。（1分）四、辨析題：共4題，每題5分，共20分。：在全民族牢固樹(shù)立建設(shè)有中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義的共同理想和堅(jiān)持黨的基本路線(xiàn)不動(dòng)搖的堅(jiān)定信念；（1分）實(shí)現(xiàn)公民素質(zhì)、文化生活質(zhì)量、城鄉(xiāng)文明程度的顯著提高；（2分）在全國(guó)范圍形成物質(zhì)文明建設(shè)和精神文明建設(shè)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的良好局面。 二、下列每題的選項(xiàng)中，至少有一項(xiàng)是符合題意的。試指出這一變化，以及影響這一變化的國(guó)際背景。目前正在華盛頓考慮的其他一些制裁措施的目的顯然是為國(guó)會(huì)和克林頓政府提供政治“掩護(hù)”，便于它們繼續(xù)讓中國(guó)獲得最惠國(guó)地位，而且大概不加任何條件，為了不讓對(duì)華政策批評(píng)者獲得退路，民主黨人正在敦促克林頓總統(tǒng)以非最惠國(guó)待遇問(wèn)題上采取強(qiáng)硬立場(chǎng)，以對(duì)付說(shuō)他在對(duì)華問(wèn)題上軟弱無(wú)力的指責(zé)。美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)還有可能采取有選擇的制裁措施，而克林頓總統(tǒng)則可能在選舉年難以否決這些措施。我在中國(guó)問(wèn)題上所采取的行動(dòng)是符合美中兩國(guó)長(zhǎng)期利益的。把人權(quán)同最惠國(guó)待遇聯(lián)系起來(lái)已把我們帶到了盡頭。去年，中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)是全世界是最快的。摘自美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什在耶魯大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上的講話(huà)（1991年5月27日），使走向民主化的國(guó)家獲得實(shí)際的鼓勵(lì)，使拒絕民主化的國(guó)家付出更高的代價(jià)。民主思想使每一個(gè)大陸的國(guó)家得到改造，中國(guó)必然也會(huì)發(fā)生變化。孤立中國(guó)是錯(cuò)誤的，如果我們希望影響中國(guó)的話(huà)。（4分）③根據(jù)材料3—5，指出實(shí)現(xiàn)“九五”目標(biāo)的主要途徑。1992年，經(jīng)國(guó)家批準(zhǔn)，依托老企業(yè)，采用先進(jìn)技術(shù)，對(duì)這套裝置及其配套設(shè)施進(jìn)行改造和擴(kuò)建，把30萬(wàn)噸乙烯裝置改造成為45萬(wàn)噸，并一次投料試車(chē)成功。1994年我國(guó)汽車(chē)年產(chǎn)量?jī)H為140萬(wàn)輛，而汽車(chē)制造廠(chǎng)卻多達(dá)130多家，80%所廠(chǎng)家年產(chǎn)量不足1000輛，最大的東風(fēng)汽車(chē)公司年產(chǎn)量也只有18萬(wàn)輛（1993年）。，只有前蘇聯(lián)的1/5，美國(guó)的1/，我國(guó)物耗所占比重逐年提高。原定2000年比1980年翻兩番的目標(biāo)，已經(jīng)提前五年實(shí)現(xiàn)了?！闭?qǐng)結(jié)合這次會(huì)議上三種政治力量的斗爭(zhēng)及其后的局勢(shì)發(fā)展評(píng)析這一說(shuō)法。“天地萬(wàn)物之理，無(wú)獨(dú)必有對(duì)”，“萬(wàn)物莫不有對(duì)”。五、論述題（共2題，22分）要求論述緊扣題意，合乎邏輯。，所以歷史事件是可以重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的。上述材料綜合表明，我國(guó)，國(guó)際力量分化改組，西方國(guó)家中主張并推行“新東方政策”的是“南北委員會(huì)”的成立二、下列每題的選項(xiàng)中，至少有一項(xiàng)是符合題意的。（每小題1分，共10分）、英國(guó)經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義、德國(guó)理性主義、能量守恒定律、生物進(jìn)化論、英國(guó)古典政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、英法空想社會(huì)主義、英國(guó)科學(xué)主義、歐洲人文主義＜新世界＞商場(chǎng)的股票。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}紙上將所選項(xiàng)的字母涂黑。同時(shí)，在進(jìn)口方面，進(jìn)口原材料的增幅較大，而進(jìn)口機(jī)電設(shè)備的增幅減小。（每小題2分，共20分），居于主觀(guān)唯心主義觀(guān)點(diǎn)的是，主體與客體關(guān)系的內(nèi)涵包括—，其區(qū)別有，這表明 、復(fù)雜的，這是