【正文】
4調(diào) 理 電 路ZigBee模塊主 站Z i g B e eU A R TR S 2 3 2 圖 系統(tǒng)整體構(gòu)架 振動(dòng)識(shí)別系統(tǒng)的操作原理為: 安裝在輸電桿塔上的傳感器,實(shí)時(shí)地將桿塔的振動(dòng)情況轉(zhuǎn)換成電信號(hào),轉(zhuǎn)換過(guò)來(lái)的信號(hào)將直接送入調(diào)理電路,調(diào)理電路中將信號(hào)放大適當(dāng)倍數(shù)并作濾波處理,同時(shí)通過(guò)限幅,加法等電路,將信號(hào)處理成單片機(jī)可采樣的信號(hào)(單片機(jī) C8051F060 采樣引腳電壓輸入范圍 )。 本文在如下的內(nèi)容中詳細(xì)介紹整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的整體設(shè)計(jì)方案,硬件設(shè)計(jì),軟件設(shè)計(jì)以及系統(tǒng)測(cè)試與分析。其具體流程簡(jiǎn)單描述如下: 安裝在輸電桿塔上的傳感器,將桿塔的振動(dòng)情況轉(zhuǎn)換成電信號(hào),采集信號(hào)送 入調(diào)理電路,調(diào)理電路對(duì)信號(hào)進(jìn)行放大,濾波,限幅等,將信號(hào)處理成可用的有效 信號(hào)。 國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展與現(xiàn)狀 國(guó)外對(duì)輸變電設(shè)備工作狀態(tài)的監(jiān)測(cè)研究工作開(kāi)展的比較早,早在 20 世紀(jì) 70 年代,美國(guó)就開(kāi)始了以在線監(jiān)測(cè)為基礎(chǔ)的狀態(tài)檢修技術(shù)的研究與應(yīng)用,但是該技術(shù)應(yīng)用到輸變電設(shè)備上是從 80 年代才開(kāi)始的,比較成功的有澳大利亞昆士蘭的合成絕緣子泄漏電流監(jiān)測(cè)設(shè)備;美國(guó)電氣研究協(xié)會(huì)研發(fā)的輸電線路動(dòng)態(tài)容量監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng),國(guó)內(nèi)方面,輸變電設(shè)備的檢修機(jī)制經(jīng)歷了故障發(fā)生后的事后檢修到定期檢修的管理制度再到現(xiàn)在先進(jìn)的狀態(tài)檢修機(jī)制三個(gè)階段。輸電網(wǎng)絡(luò)分散,區(qū)域跨度大,基本延伸到了每一個(gè)角落,一般處在高山,河流等地質(zhì)環(huán)境復(fù)雜的區(qū)域,僅靠電力系統(tǒng)的巡線人員去定期巡檢,將會(huì)浪費(fèi)大量的人力、物力,且不可能取得好的巡檢效果。s normal life, even will lead to serious secondary disasters such as fire, resulting in irreparable economic losses. Therefore, the tower vibration analysis and monitoring has important research value and use value. The main content of this paper: in view of the special structure of the transmission tower high into the sky and the special external environment around it, a transmission line tower vibration state recognition unit is designed. Specific methods: vibration sensors are installed on transmission tower, collecting the vibration signals when transmission tower is hit by objects from outside. After processed by adjusting circuit, signals are sent into the microcontroller for processing. It will get the vibration frequency and the corresponding amplitudes after Fourier transform (FFT) of the sampled Vibration data, as vibration characteristic parameters to determine the vibration transmission tower. At the same time using the ZigBee wireless munication technology, the monitoring results in realtime will be sent to the remote host. The simulation experiments and practical analysis have showed that the transmission tower vibration identification unit has the features of high accuracy, long distance monitoring and strong antiinterference ability. Tower vibration identification unit has important research significance and practical value. Key words: Transmission line tower; Fast Fourier transform(FFT); ZigBee; Vibration detection 基于無(wú)線通信的輸電桿塔振動(dòng)識(shí)別單元設(shè)計(jì) III 目 錄 1 緒論 ...................................................................................................................................... 1 課題研究的意義 ............................................................................................................ 1 國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展與現(xiàn)狀 ........................................................................................................ 1 本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容 ........................................................................................................ 2 2 輸電桿塔振動(dòng)識(shí)別單元的整體設(shè)計(jì)方案 .......................................................................... 3 輸電桿塔振動(dòng)識(shí)別單元的硬件設(shè)計(jì)方案 .................................................................... 3 傳感器 ..................................................................................................................... 4 微處理器 ................................................................................................................. 5 無(wú)線通信 ................................................................................................................. 5 電源轉(zhuǎn)換模塊 ......................................................................................................... 6 軟件設(shè)計(jì)方案 ................................................................................................................ 8 本章總結(jié) ........................................................................................................................ 8 3 輸電桿塔振動(dòng)識(shí)別單元的硬件實(shí)現(xiàn) ................................................................................ 10 系統(tǒng)電源設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................................. 10 IAS2W 系列 DCDC 轉(zhuǎn)換器 ...............................................................................11 AS1117 芯片電路連接圖 ......................................................................................11 MC1403 電路連接圖 ............................................................................................ 12 振動(dòng)信號(hào)調(diào)理電路設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................. 12 放大電路設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................................................................... 12 濾波電路設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................................................................... 13 限幅電 路設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................................................................... 14 加法電路設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................... 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書(shū)簽。同時(shí)利用無(wú)線通信 ZigBee 技術(shù)將監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果實(shí)時(shí)地發(fā)送至遠(yuǎn)端的主站。 本文研究的主要內(nèi)容:針對(duì)輸電桿塔高聳入云的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)及其所處的特殊外部環(huán)境,設(shè)計(jì)一種輸電線路桿塔振動(dòng)狀態(tài)識(shí)別單元?;跓o(wú)線通信的輸電桿塔振動(dòng)識(shí)別單元設(shè)計(jì) I 基于無(wú)線通信的輸電桿塔振動(dòng)識(shí)別單元設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 隨著我國(guó)電力事業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,輸電線路網(wǎng)絡(luò)大面積鋪設(shè),并呈現(xiàn)出桿塔多、線路長(zhǎng)的特征。因此,桿塔振動(dòng)分析及監(jiān)測(cè)具有重要的研究?jī)r(jià)值和使用價(jià)值。采樣得到的振動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)信息,經(jīng)傅里葉變換( FFT)后,得到振動(dòng)信號(hào)的振動(dòng)頻率及其對(duì)應(yīng)的幅值,將其作為振動(dòng)特征參數(shù),判斷輸電桿塔的振動(dòng)情況。 關(guān)鍵詞: 輸電線路桿塔 ; 快速傅里葉變換 (FFT); ZigBee 技術(shù) ; 振動(dòng)檢測(cè) 基于無(wú)線通信的輸電桿塔振動(dòng)識(shí)別單元設(shè)計(jì) II Abstract With the rapid development of China’s power industry, transmission line work shows the characteristics of having more tower and longer cable. Transmission towers are mostly in plex natural environment, and having a special structure high into the air. Once the transmission towers are destroyed, it will cause power outages, and will influence industrial and agricultural production and people39。 基于無(wú)線通信的輸電桿塔振動(dòng)識(shí)別單元設(shè)計(jì) 1 1 緒論 課題研究的意義 安全生產(chǎn)是電力企業(yè)永恒的主題,一旦電網(wǎng)出現(xiàn)故障,停電區(qū)域的工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)將完全停止,而電力安全事故絕大多數(shù)是由于輸電網(wǎng)絡(luò)的桿塔倒塔、導(dǎo)線斷線等造成的。通過(guò)實(shí)時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè),及時(shí)掌握輸電桿塔的運(yùn)行工作狀態(tài)使輸電桿塔的監(jiān)測(cè)達(dá)到智能化水平;通過(guò)故障診斷使得在后續(xù)的檢修中,能夠?qū)收宵c(diǎn)快速定位和對(duì)故障原因的了解,使得巡線人員能夠及時(shí)地進(jìn)行有針對(duì)性的故障排除工作,從而大大 提高工作效率。 本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容 本文主要研究的內(nèi)容是設(shè)計(jì) 出對(duì)高壓輸電桿塔振動(dòng)的識(shí)別 單元,整個(gè)單元的設(shè)計(jì)分為硬件部分和軟件部分,主要實(shí)現(xiàn)的 內(nèi)容 具體 可分為三個(gè)部分