【正文】 ed in. She even agreed to trade earnings for acquiring new skills in a new field. Lori did a great job running recruiting and within months was promoted to her current job, leading PeopleFacebook. The most mon metaphor for careers is a ladder, but this concept no longer applies to most workers. As of 2021, the average American had eleven jobs from the ages of eighteen to fortysix alone. Lori often quotes Pattie Sellers, who came up with a much better metaphor: “Careers are a jungle gym, not a ladder.” As Lori describes it, there’s only one way to get to the top of a ladder, but there are many ways to get to the top of a jungle gym. The jungle gym model benefits everyone, but especially women who might be starting careers, switching careers, getting blocked by external barriers, or reentering the workforce after taking time off. The ability to create a unique path with occasional dips, detours (彎路 ), and even dead ends presents great views of many people, not just those at the top. On a ladder, most climbers are stuck staring at the butt of the person above. 4. Why did Lori make the call? A. She helped Facebook to solve the biggest problem. B. She wanted to make a business deal with Facebook. C. She tried to ask for a pay rise in Facebook. D. She wanted to bee an employee in Facebook. 5. What impressed “I” by Lori? A. Lori was good at running recruiting. B. Lori attached great importance to Facebook’s needs. C. Lori jumped in Facebook with no adequate experience. D. Lori was skilled in marketing at eBay. 6. What can we infer from the passage? A. Now all people don’t tend to climb the ladder. B. None on the ladder can enjoy the great views. C. Jungle gyms offer limited exploration for employees. D. A pregnant woman, jobless, benefits little from the jungle gyms. 7. What is the best title of the passage? A. It’s a Jungle Gym, Not a Ladder. B. Facebook’s Biggest Problem. C. Applying for a Job in Facebook. D. A Jungle Gym is Better than a Ladder. C Careers in zoology are extremely varied and unique, and can provide incredible learning and work opportunities for anyone devoted to animal studies and welfare. Zoology, or the study of animals, is a wide field with many specialties, including research, conservation, veterinary (獸醫(yī)的 ) medicine, and the care of animals. For people with a love of animals and some training, dreams of careers in zoology may e true. Some careers in zoology focus on research and scientific studies. These careers may allow those with a good theoretical science background to develop and run studies that improve human understanding of the animal world. Research in zoology can help create safer and more effective products for animals or can teach humans more about animal behavior in order to aid in conservation, breeding programs, and habitat preservation. Careers in zoology that focus on conservation attach great importance to the continued survival and increased protection of animal species. Conservationists may work with political groups or governments to help make laws to protect and preserve animals, or may work in the field gathering information on potential threats to the health of global ecosystems. Some conservationists work in educational fields, trying to improve human efforts to save animals from extinction. Animals are subject to illness and injury, and some careers in zoology help to create a safe, stable animal population. Veterinary medicine is an important specialty field, and may take several years of intensive training to qualify as a certified veterinarian. While many veterinarians focus on the smallanimal practice of domestic pets, vets in rural areas often work with large farm animals and more adventurous veterinarians may work with exotic species in zoos and wildlife preserves. . Humans love to observe animals, and modernday zoos and wildlife preserves help meet that interest while providing facilities to assist with conservation programs. Zoology careers in zoos can range from overseeing breeding programs, to creating the proper diet for a deer, to cleaning the tiger’s cage. Many volunteer and entrylevel jobs are available for people that love animals. 8. What is the purpose of researching on animals in zoology? A. To help governments make laws. B. To improve researchers’ scientific knowledge. C. To create safe and effective products for humans. D. To educate people to protect animals. 9. What can careers in zoology that focus on veterinary medicine help? A. Better und