【正文】 e serious impediment because the records of the chemical processes that early alchemists had discovered were often written down in symbolic language intelligible to very few or in symbols that were purposely obscure. 22. According to the passage, how did knowledge about chemical processes increase before the C) Experience led workers to 24. The bold word “it” refers to which o 25. Which of the following statements best explains why “the second of these was the more A) Chemical knowledge was limited to a small number of peo Passage Two An important new industry, oil refining, grew after the Civil War. Crude oil, or petroleum a dark, thick ooze from the earth had been known for hundreds of years, but little use had ever been made of it. In the 1850’s Samuel M. Kier, a manufacturer in western Pennsylvania, began collecting the oil from local scapages and refining it into kerosene. Refining, like smelting, is a Kerosene was used to light lamps. It was a cheap substitute for whale oil, which was being harder to get. Soon there was a large demand for kerosene. People began to search for 中國最大的管理資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 部分版權(quán)歸原作者所有 ) 第 5 頁 共 50 頁 The first oil well was drilled by E. L. Drake, are tired railroad conductor. In 1859 he began drilling in Titusville, Pennsylvania. The whole venture seemed so impractical and foolish that onlookers called it “Drake’s Folly”. But when he had drilled down about 70 feet(21 meters), News of Drake’s success brought oil prospectors to the scene. By the early 1860’s these wildcatters were drilling for “black gold” all over western Pennsylvania. The boom rivaled the California gold rush of 1848 in its excitement and Wild West atmosphere. And it brought far more Crude oil could be refined into many products. For some years kerosene continued to be the principal one. It was sold in grocery stores and doortodoor. In the 1880’s and 1890’s refiners learned how to make other petroleum products such as waxes and lubricating oils. Petroleum B) The California Gold Rush: Get Rich Quickl can be inferred form the passage that kerosene was preferable to whale oil because whale to the passage, many people initially thought that E. L. Drake had made a mistake does the author mention the Cali 30. Which of the 中國最大的管理資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 部分版權(quán)歸原作者所有 ) 第 6 頁 共 50 頁 By the millions they are ing no longer the tired, the poor, the wretched masses longing for a better living. These are the wealthy. “We don’t have a budget,” says a biologist from Brazil, as she walks with two panions through New York City’s South Street.“ We just use our credit The US has long been one of the world’s most popular tourist destinations, but this year has been exceptional. First, there was the World Cup, which drew thousands from every corner of the globe。 so is the melting of metals and the administration of drugs and potions. This basic chemical knowledge, which was applied in most cases as a rule of thumb, was nevertheless dependent on previous experiment. It also served to stimulate a fundamental curiosity about the processes themselves. New information was always being gained as artisans improved techniques to gain better results. The development of a scientific approach to chemistry was, however, hampered by several factors. The most serious problem was the vast range of material available and the consequent difficulty of anizing it into some system. In addition, there were social and intellectual difficulties, chemistry is nothing if not practical。 an average of night and $ 1624 a traveler versus the Americans’ four nights and $298. D) often spend more money than they can C) tourism was hardly affected by the weakening of the US dollar that year cts the 中國最大的管理資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 部分版權(quán)歸原作者所有 ) 第 7 頁 共 50 頁 Because the pas D) visitors to the US The most interesting architectural phenomenon of the 1970’s was the enthusiasm for refurbishing old buildings. Obviously, this was not an entirely new phenomenon. What is new is the wholesale interest in reusing the past, in recycling, in adaptive rehabilitation. A few trial efforts, such as Ghirardelli Square in San Francisco, proved their financial viability in 1960s, but it was in the 1970’s, with strong government support through tax incentives and rapid depreciation. As well as One of the most prehensive ventures was the restoration and transformation of Boston’s eighteenth century Faneuil Hall and the Quincy Market, designed in 1824. This section had fallen on hard times, but beginning with the construction of a new city hall immediately adjacent, it has returned to life with the intelligent reuse of these fine old buildings under the design leadership of Benjamin Thomson. He has provided a marvelous setting for dining, shopping, professional Butler Square, in Minneapois, examplifies major changes in its plex of offices, mercial space, and public amenities carved out of a massive pile designed in 1906 as a hardware warehouse. The exciting interior timber structure of the building was highlighted by cutting light courts through the interior and adding large skylightlesson for numerous other cities bating urban decay. Rather than bringing in the bulldozers, San Antonio’s leaders rehabilitated existing structures, while simultaneously cleaning up the San Antonio River, which n Antonio B) Sports 中國最大的管理資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 部分版權(quán)歸原作者所有 ) 第 8 頁 共 50 頁 40. What is the author’s opinion of the San Antonio p D) The work done on the river was mor