[考研英語]英語語言學(xué)-全文預(yù)覽
【正文】 mic contrast. 可以出現(xiàn)在不同語音組合中的同一為止， 產(chǎn)生意義差別?！ ome rules in phonology幾條音系規(guī)則 Sequential rules 序列規(guī)則 ：blik, klib , bilk, kilb is possible. But lbki, ilbk, bkil , ilkb not possible. Assimilation rules 同化規(guī)則 Deletion rule 省略規(guī)則 Sign, design, there is no {g} sound Signature, designation the {g} is pronounced. Delete a [g] when it occurs before a final nasal constant. Suprasegmental features—— stress, tone, intonation 超切分特征——重音， 聲調(diào)，語調(diào) the phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments are called suprasegmental features?！ he different which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments are called the allophones of that phoneme. 音位變體是一個(gè)音位在特定的語音環(huán)境力的具體體現(xiàn)， 同一音位在不同語音環(huán)境里體現(xiàn)為不同的變體，也就是語音?！ honology is interested in the system of sounds of a particular language?！ arrow transcription: the transcription with diacritics. 但實(shí)際上， 同一語音在不通的語音環(huán)境中的發(fā)音不盡相同， 比如Pit和spit中的/P/音發(fā)音就不一樣。 it is concerned with all the sounds that occur in the world39。 it is based on high written language Synchronic vs. diachronic 共時(shí)性與歷史性 The description of a language at some point in time is a synchronic study The description of a language as it changes through time is a diachronic study In modern linguistics, synchronic study seems to enjoy priority over diachronic study. Speech and writing 口頭語與書面語 Speech enjoys priority over writing in modern linguistics study for the following reasons: ?。?） speech precedes writing in terms of evolution ?。?） a large amount of munication is carr
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