【正文】 t of treatment W1 were significantly higher than those of W4. Thus, based on the experimental results, it was suggested that the irrigation regime of treatment W1 would be the optimal one in terms of sustainable use of water resource.Key words: winter wheat。 N，176。 RSW：土壤貯水消耗量占總耗水量的比例 Percentage of soil water consumption amount to total water consumption amount. CV：變異系數(shù) Coefficient of variation. 調(diào)虧灌溉對(duì) 0～200 cm 各土層土壤貯水消耗量的影響5由圖 1 可以看出，冬小麥可以利用 0～200 cm 各土層的土壤水分 .W0 處理 0～40 cm 和 100～140 cm土層土壤貯水消耗量顯著高于其他處理，說(shuō)明播種期、拔節(jié)期和開(kāi)花期 0～140 cm 土層土壤相對(duì)含水量分別為 %、%和 %時(shí)，、拔節(jié)水和開(kāi)花水土壤相對(duì)含水量的提高，冬小麥全生育期 0～200 cm 各土層土壤貯水消耗量呈下降趨勢(shì). W1 處理0～180 cm 土層的土壤貯水消耗量顯著高于其他灌水處理；W 2 和 W3 處理次之；W 4 處理 0～200 cm 各土層土壤貯水消耗量最低，均在 mm 以下，表明底墑水、拔節(jié)水和開(kāi)花水土壤相對(duì)含水量分別達(dá)到%、%和 %時(shí)，顯著抑制了冬小麥對(duì)土壤貯水的利用，尤其是對(duì)深層土壤水分的利用.15 10 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40土 壤 貯 水 消 耗 量 Soil water consumption amount（ mm）土層 Soil layer（cm）W。 b)灌漿期 Filling stage. 調(diào)虧灌溉對(duì)不同生育階段麥田耗水量、耗水模系數(shù)及日耗水量的影響由表 4 可以看出，W 0 處理開(kāi)花至成熟期的耗水量、耗水模系數(shù)和日耗水量為拔節(jié)至開(kāi)花期開(kāi)花至成熟期返青至拔節(jié)期 冬前至返青期 播種至冬前期；W 1 和 W2 處理為開(kāi)花至成熟期拔節(jié)至開(kāi)花期、返青至拔節(jié)期冬前至返青期 播種至冬前期；W 3 和 W4 處理為開(kāi)花至成熟期拔節(jié)至開(kāi)花期返青至拔節(jié)期播種至冬前期冬前至返青期，說(shuō)明冬小麥耗水主要集中在拔節(jié)至成熟階段，耗水量占冬小麥全生育期耗水量的 %～%.底墑水土壤相對(duì)含水量為 %的 W0、W 1 和 W2 處理間、底墑水土壤相對(duì)含水量為 %的 W3和 W4 處理間階段耗水量、日耗水量的差異主要表現(xiàn)在拔節(jié)至開(kāi)花期和開(kāi)花至成熟期，在拔節(jié)至開(kāi)花期為W0W4W2W3W1；在開(kāi)花至成熟期為 W1W4W2W3W0。W 1 處理增加了0～200 cm 土層土壤貯水消耗量，降低了拔節(jié)至開(kāi)花期的耗水量、耗水模系數(shù)和日耗水量，提高了開(kāi)花至成熟期的耗水量、耗水模系數(shù)和日耗水量；W 4 處理拔節(jié)至開(kāi)花期和開(kāi)花至成熟期的耗水量、耗水模系數(shù)和日耗水量均較高，表明開(kāi)花至成熟期具有較高的耗水模系數(shù)是高產(chǎn)冬小麥的需水特點(diǎn).冬小麥耗水特性受降雨的影響較大 [9]，關(guān)于不同降水年型調(diào)虧灌溉對(duì)冬小麥耗水特性和水分利用效率的影響還有待于進(jìn)一步研究.參考文獻(xiàn)[1] Liu CM (劉昌明 ), Chen ZK (陳志愷). Reports Collection on Water Resources Stratagem for Sustainable Development in China. Beijing: China Hydrology and Electricity Press, 2022 (in Chinese) [2] Du YD (杜堯東), Song LL (宋麗莉), Liu ZX (劉作新). An overview on theoretic research of high efficient water use in agriculture. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (應(yīng)用生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào)), 2022, 14(5): 808812 (in Chinese)[3] Ali MH, Hoque MR, Hassan AA, et al. Effects of deficit irrigation on yield, water productivity, and economic returns of wheat. Agricultural Water Management, 2022, 92: 151161 [4] Xue Q, Musick JT, Dusek DA. Physiological mechanisms contributing to the increased wateruse efficiency in winter wheat under deficit irrigation. Journal of Plant Physiology, 2022, 163: 154164 [5] Cai HJ (蔡煥杰), Kang SZ (康紹忠), Zhang ZH (張振華), et al. Proper growth stages and deficit degree of crop regulated deficit irrigation. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報(bào)), 2022, 16(3): 2427 (in Chinese)[6] Shan L (山 侖 ), Xu M (徐 萌). Watersaving agriculture and its physioecological bases. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (應(yīng)用生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào)), 1991, 2(1): 7076 (in Chinese)[7] Meng ZJ (孟兆江 ), Jia DL (賈大林), Liu AN (劉安能), et al. Effect of regulated deficit irrigation on physiological mechanism and water use efficiency of winter wheat. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報(bào)), 2022, 19(4): 6669 (in Chinese) [8] Pei D (裴 冬), Sun ZS (孫振山), Chen SL (陳四龍), et al. Effects of water stress on physiological and agronomic features of winter wheat. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報(bào)), 2022, 22(8): 6872 (in Chinese) [9] Hu MY (胡夢(mèng)蕓), Zhang ZB (張正斌), Xu P (徐 萍), et al. Relationship of water use efficiency with photoassimilate accumulation and transport in wheat under deficit irrigation. Acta Agronomica Sinica (作物學(xué)報(bào)), 2022, 33(11): 18841891 (in Chinese) [10] Fang QX (房全孝), Chen YH (陳雨海), Li (李全起), et al. Effects of soil moisture on radiation utilization during late growth stages and water use efficiency of winter wheat. Acta Agronomica Sinica (作物學(xué)報(bào)), 2022, 32(6): 861866 (in Chinese)[11] Shan L (山 侖), Kang SZ (康紹忠), Wu PT (吳普特). Water Saving Agriculture in China. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2022 (in Chinese)