電子設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)用超聲波測距儀的設(shè)計(jì)-全文預(yù)覽
【正文】 節(jié)電路，在交流電源電壓波動或負(fù)載變化時，通過此電路使直流輸出電壓穩(wěn)定。超聲波接收頭 UCM4aR將運(yùn)動物體反射的超聲波接收并轉(zhuǎn)換為電脈沖信號后，由RC4組成的高頻濾波電路濾除干擾脈沖后，經(jīng)RP2分壓調(diào)節(jié)，由CR6藕合至電壓放大器進(jìn)行電壓放大。圖9 發(fā)射電路組成圖由555型電路組成多諧振蕩器，它的振蕩頻率為40kHz。超聲波傳感器有發(fā)送器和接收器，但一個超聲波傳感器也可具有發(fā)送和接收聲波的雙重作用。1腳、2腳、4腳、5腳的Y0B to Y3B和11腳、12腳、14腳、15腳的Y0A to Y3A為獨(dú)立的輸入/輸出通道；9腳A10腳A0為地址輸入（選擇端）；6腳E\為使能端（低電平有效）；3腳ZB、13腳ZA為公用的輸入/輸出通道；7腳VEE為輸入/輸出信號的下限值；8腳VSS為接地端；16腳VDD為供電端。通道之間是雙向的。其引腳圖如圖5所示。這樣可以求出距離：S=C(T1T2)/2本次設(shè)計(jì)是用555時基電路振蕩產(chǎn)生40Hz的超聲波信號。這就是本系統(tǒng)的測量原理。所以選用方案二。圖2 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)總體框圖優(yōu)點(diǎn)：雙向測距，精度高，功耗低。一般情況下，超聲波在空氣中的傳播速度為340m/ s，根據(jù)計(jì)時器記錄的時間t ，就可以計(jì)算出發(fā)射點(diǎn)距障礙物的距離 s，即s=340t/2， 這就是常用的時差法測距。電源采用9V的DC電源輸入。 關(guān)鍵字：超聲波傳感器，測距儀，PIC16F876AAbstract：Ultrasonic Ranging, can be used in car reversing, the construction site and the location of some industrial site monitoring, can also be used if the level, depth and length of the pipeline, such as measurement occasions. Measurement of the requirements in the m, precision 1 cm, with the measurement of detected objects without direct contact, being able to clearly show stable measurement results. Because of the strong point of ultrasonic energy consumption slow, medium of munication in the longer distance, thus frequently used ultrasonic distance measurement, such as the range finder and level measurement and so on can be achieved by ultrasound. Use of ultrasonic testing is often more rapid, convenient and simple terms, easy to achieve realtime control, and measurement accuracy can meet the practical requirements of industry, in the mobile robot has been developed on a wide range of applications.The range finder only NE555 circuit， two amplifier circuit and the level achieved a parison of launching and receiving ultrasound. SCM range finder for the core elements for launching the circuit control and receive data processing. 10200 cm in the system of distance measurement accuracy up to 177。該測距儀采用NE555電路、兩級放大電路和電平比較電路實(shí)現(xiàn)了超聲波的發(fā)射與接收。 超聲波測距儀的設(shè)計(jì)摘要：～，測量精度1cm，測量時與被測物體無直接接觸，能夠清
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