【正文】 紋、聲波、視網(wǎng)紋等一些需要大容量信息的生物特征識(shí)別項(xiàng)目之中，還為 一卡多用 提供了更大的擴(kuò)展余地。 另一方面， IC 卡的存儲(chǔ)單元可重復(fù)擦出寫入次數(shù)一般達(dá) 1 萬次，甚至達(dá) 10萬次以上?？ㄆ淖x寫次數(shù)也限于數(shù)千次之內(nèi)，更多的使用將不能保證數(shù)據(jù)的穩(wěn)定性和可靠性。使用中卡機(jī)與卡片直接接觸，并保持兩者相對靜止，因而無需復(fù)雜的機(jī)械傳動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。另外，由于磁卡、條形卡或光卡并不是直接進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)存取，而是需要通過磁電變換或光電變換，將 磁信號或光信號轉(zhuǎn)換成邏輯電平信號。s traditional ideas and the expense custom. From now on we will use the smart card which a process will give then to be possible to enjoy property services and the safety control and so on vehicles turnover, stop control, entrance guard management, entertainment expense, thus raised the estate management level, will build a fill harmonious order, the serene intellectualized atmosphere. Future will be a card in the hand, goes all over world . 無 錫 職 業(yè) 技 術(shù) 學(xué) 院 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書（英文翻譯） 9 譯文 一卡通 的技術(shù)與應(yīng)用 卡的技術(shù)特點(diǎn) 隨著微電子技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展，特別是 1μ m 以下的存儲(chǔ)器芯片制造工藝的突破和成熟，使得整個(gè) IC 卡技術(shù)呈現(xiàn)出越來越強(qiáng)大的生命力。s choice: (1)Basis card machine contour limit and the electric appliance performance requirement, choose Booth39。 System data transmission mode and structure choice and so on.. choice Card choice mainly chooses based on the IC card use environment request and the operating mode request. The belt joint receives an electric shock the extremely contact IC card and noncontacts the electrode the noncontact IC card is two kind of main cards Regarding request fast through with environment bad (for example multidust, rain water, darkness and so on) the situation, may choose the noncontact IC card generally. If altogether male automobile charge, highway bridge charge, automatic general entrance guard control and so on. Noncontact IC card effective range。 ～ 設(shè)計(jì)硬件電路，編制軟件程序，聯(lián)機(jī)調(diào)試； 撰寫畢業(yè)論文。 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)小結(jié)。 軟件程序設(shè)計(jì)，包括： 主程序設(shè)計(jì)、中斷服務(wù)子程序、顯示控制子程序和采樣子程序等。無 錫 職 業(yè) 技 術(shù) 學(xué) 院 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書 1 無 錫 職 業(yè) 技 術(shù) 學(xué) 院 畢 業(yè) 實(shí) 踐 任 務(wù) 書 課 題 名 稱 基于單片機(jī)的自行車?yán)锍?/速度表設(shè)計(jì) 指 導(dǎo) 教 師 徐 明 職 稱 工程師 指 導(dǎo) 教 師 黃 從 貴 職 稱 講 師 專 業(yè) 名 稱 電子工藝與管理 班 級 電子工藝 20631 學(xué) 生 姓 名 寧 翠 萍 學(xué) 號 2031063121 課題需要完成的任務(wù)： 設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)自行車?yán)锍?/速度表，以單片機(jī) AT89C51 為核心，實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)時(shí)測量并顯示自行車行駛過程中的兩項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)參數(shù)：速度和里程。 硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)，包括：單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)電路、電源電路、測量電路、功能選擇電路和顯示電路等。超速行駛（設(shè)置限速參數(shù)）時(shí)，能自動(dòng)發(fā)出聲光報(bào)警。 ～ 論述并確定最佳設(shè)計(jì)方案； 學(xué)習(xí)硬件開發(fā)軟件、單片機(jī)開發(fā)軟件。 IC card readwrite machines and tools choice and design。 EEPROM memory capacity generally between 1k~8k byte Generally speaking EEPROM memory capacity size changes to card price height big. Moreover should pay attention: When choice card storage capacity, must as far as possible to the information which needs to save carry on optimized screening, uses each encoding method or the code pression technology es on the transaction card the record. These both may save the card the storage space, and may increase the card the secrecy, thus causes the chip the performance price pared to high. IC card secure request and choice If saves in the IC card chip the data or the documents material belongs to openness application, does not need to worry other people interpolation or the duplication, and selects the memory stick generally. Not only this because the price is cheap, moreover the card capacity has it all from the 1k~4MB character position each kind of capacity specification variety. Moreover the operation is simple, causes the system the request also correspondingly to reduce. If the IC card internal storage information is extremely important, 無 錫 職 業(yè) 技 術(shù) 學(xué) 院 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書（英文翻譯） 6 needs to carry on the person to distinguish, moreover also needs to distinguish the readwrite connection the validity, not only needs to carry on the district lamination to the card internal document and the record the control management, but also must carries on each kind of and operation authorization password control visit to various districts or various application layers document and so on, then should choose brings the CPU IC cards. IC the card readwrite machines and tools choice IC card readwrite machines and tools from generally speaking may divide into two big kinds: Specialpurpose IC card readwrite machines and tools and versatile IC card readwrite machines and tools. Specialpurpose IC card readwrite machines and tools: In view of some kind of concrete application, itself has pletes between the IC card and the application system the data readwrite exchange, the instruction, the transaction putation, aspect plete function and so on operation control implementing agency IC card machines and tools bees the specialpurpose IC card readwrite machines and tools or the application dedicated terminal. Versatile IC card readwrite: Has generally pletes with the IC card between the data readwrite exchange function. Not only it is restricted in some kind of concrete application domain, usually designs the standard puter peripheral the form, namely uses conforms to the puter industry standard RS2320 connection or uses ATBUS for its correspondence inputoutput channel (flapper) the structure for the data input output connection. This kind of IC card readwrite machines and tools have directly connect generally with the microputer, constitute take the microputer as the control center IC card application system. IC the card Booth form choice In aspects and so on machines and tools design and practical application operation request mainly should consider the following several factors to Booth39。s contact form. In (4) consideration application system the cardholder operates the behavior (service person to operate or cardholder voluntarily operates) 無 錫 職 業(yè) 技 術(shù) 學(xué) 院 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書（英文翻譯） 7 the influence which possibly creates to the system