市場(chǎng)贊賞經(jīng)濟(jì)塑造（英文版）-全文預(yù)覽
【正文】 model ?To begin to understand three basic elements of modeling in economics: –Purpose –Simplification through assumptions –Value judgment The Purpose of an Economic Model ? The purpose of an economic model is to help provide precise insights (精確的洞察力） on a specific economic phenomenon. ?Thus: –Different phenomena needs different model。 Elaboration of the Basic Model: Taxation Policy Analysis ?Local government taxes apartment owners. ?What happens to –price –quantity of close apartments rented? ?Is any of the tax “passed” to renters? Taxation Policy Analysis ?Market supply is unaffected. ?Market demand is unaffected. ?So the petitive market equilibrium is unaffected by the tax. ?Price and the quantity of close apartments rented are not changed. ?Landlords pay all of the tax. Imperfectly Competitive Market Case 1： A Monopolistic Landlord ? Landlord sets a rental price p he rents D(p) apartments. ? Revenue = pD(p). ? He chooses p to maximizes p D(p), subject to D(p) = S (total number of apartments in his hands) ? Typically, his optimal p is such that D(p) S, that is, there are vacant apartments. Monopolistic Market Equilibrium p QD,QS Middle price Middle price, medium quantity demanded, larger revenue. Monopolist does not rent all the close apartments. 100 Vacant close apartments. Imperfectly Competitive Market Case 2： Perfectly
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