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《基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法下)》ppt課件-全文預(yù)覽

  

【正文】 as David was a Londoner that Peter was a Parisian. ? 主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)也不可以作分裂句的中心成分 。 例如: ? Said Howard: “We were told by the students that we had seen them all.” ? Wailed the astonished banker: “You’re not just doing your part for the American economy.” ? 這種引述分句也可位于句中或句末 , 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為名詞時(shí) , 可用倒裝詞序 , 也可不用;若主語(yǔ)為代詞 , 則一般用正常詞序 。 例如: ? Die is the last thing I shall do, doctor. ? 3) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的前置 ? a)當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是由情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞 +不定式構(gòu)成時(shí) ,為了強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作 , 可將動(dòng)詞中心詞 ( 有時(shí)連同賓語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ) ) 移至句首 , 形成倒裝句 。 例如: ? More serious was the question of how the President would present the joint announcement. ? 有時(shí)為使上下文聯(lián)系緊密而把主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)移至句首 。 例如: ? Dick doesn’t know much about physics, and neither does Mary. ? This is not a direct translation of English dialogue, nor should it be. ? e) 當(dāng)方式狀語(yǔ) 、 頻度狀語(yǔ)等提至句首時(shí) , 有時(shí)也可引起局部倒裝 。 例如: ? So dangerous were the avalanches that skiing had to be stopped. ? So small was the mark that I could hardly see it. ? So quickly did the workmen finish their financial position that they were given a bonus. ? 與 so的這個(gè)用法類(lèi)似的 “ to such +NP” 置于句首時(shí) , 也引起局部倒裝 。例如: ? Not infrequently they go abroad. (=They quite often go abroad.) c) 句首狀語(yǔ)若由 only +副詞 / 介詞詞組 / 狀語(yǔ)分句構(gòu)成 , 也可引起局部倒裝 ?;A(chǔ)語(yǔ)法二 主講教師:蔣宇紅 輔導(dǎo)課程二十 ? c) 當(dāng)句首狀語(yǔ)為否詞或帶否定含義的詞語(yǔ)時(shí)間 、 一般引起局部倒裝;如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)形式 , 則全部用全部倒裝 。 試比較: ? Not until he had dropped to 1800 feet did David find himself in clear sky. (全句否定 ) ? Not every horse can run fast.( 局部否定 ) ? 如果句首狀語(yǔ)的否定意義已為隨后的另一否定詞或其他詞語(yǔ)所抵消 , 那也不產(chǎn)生倒裝問(wèn)題 。 例如: ? 與的這個(gè)用法相類(lèi)似的置于句首時(shí) , 也引起局部倒裝 。 例如: ? A: We have all worked hard. ? B: So we have. ? ? A: It was cold yesterday. ? B: So it was. ? 如果要表示 “ 也不 ” 的意思 , 則在句首用nor或 neither, 這也要引起倒裝 。 這有時(shí)是因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)或結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜 。 有時(shí)用作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式也可前置 。 例如: ? Conspicuously missing from Baghdad’s propaganda arsenal is any expression of political support against Iran by the Soviet Union. ? c)新聞報(bào)道體中 , 常見(jiàn)引述動(dòng)詞置于句首 , 引起全部倒裝 。 例如: ? John might have bought
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