【正文】 ealism III Table of Contents Acknowledgements ................................................................................ 錯誤 !未定義書簽。 關(guān)鍵詞： 查爾斯 狄更斯從民主資本主義和人道主義的立場出發(fā)，揭露英國社會丑惡和不 公，批判資本主義制度。 狄更斯是英國十九世紀(jì)最杰出的批判現(xiàn)實主義作家。本文 將 全面闡述《霧都孤兒》這部小說創(chuàng)作的歷史背景 、 社會環(huán)境 和人物特征，分析 狄更斯《霧都孤兒》批判現(xiàn)實主義 的 創(chuàng)作用意和藝術(shù)特征， 進而挖掘批判現(xiàn)實主義對西方文學(xué)的影響及貢獻 。 Oliver Twist。 then, it introduces the current study about the novel and gives a brief ment of the novel. The Synopsis of the Novel The novel tells the story of a poor child named Oliver Twist。 wrath. Desperately, Oliver runs away at dawn and travels London. Outside London, Oliver, starved and exhausted, meets Jack Dawkins, a boy of his own age. Jack offers him shelter in the London house of his benefactor, Fagin. It turns out that Fagin is a career criminal who trains orphan boys to pick pockets for him. After a few days of training, Oliver is sent on a pickpocketing mission with two other boys. When he sees them swipe a handkerchief from an elderly gentleman, Oliver is horrified and runs off. He is caught but narrowly escapes being convicted of the theft. Mr. Brownlow, the man whose handkerchief was stolen, takes the feverish Oliver to his home and nurses him back to health .Oliver thrives in Mr. Brownlow?s home, but two young adults in Fagin?s gang, Bill Sikes and his lover Nancy, capture Oliver and return him to Fagin. Fagin sends Oliver to assist Sikes in a burglary. Oliver is shot by a servant of the house and, after Sikes escapes, is taken in by the women who live there, Mrs. Maylies and her beautiful adopted niece Rose. They grow fond of Oliver, and he spends an idyllic summer with them in the 本科畢業(yè)論文 5 countryside .but Fagin and a mysterious man named Monks are set on recapturing Oliver. Meanwhile, it is revealed that Oliver?s mother left behind a gold locket when she died. Monks obtains and destroys that locket. When the Maylies e to London, Nancy meets secretly with Rose and informs her of Fagin?s designs, but a member of Fagin?s gang overhears the conversation. When word of Nancy?s disclosure reaches Sikes, he brutally murders Nancy and flees London. Pursued by his guilty conscience and an angry mob, he inadvertently hangs himself while trying to escape. Mr. Brownlow, with whom the Maylies have reunited Oliver, confronts Monks and wrings the truth about Oliver?s parentage from him. It is revealed that Monks is Oliver?s half brother. Their father, Mr. Leeford, was unhappily married to a wealthy woman and had an affair with Oliver?s mother, Agnes Fleming. Monks has been pursuing Oliver all along in the hopes of ensuring that his halfbrother is deprived of his share of the family inheritance. Mr. Brownlow forces Monks to sign over Oliver?s share to Oliver. Moreover, it is discovered that Rose is Agnes?s younger sister, hence Oliver?s aunt. Fagin is hanged for his crimes. Finally, Mr. Brownlow adopts Oliver, and they and the Maylies retire to a blissful existence in the countryside. Literature Review Since the novel Oliver Twist published, many scholars ment on the Critical Realism in the novel. Lu Jianguo (2020) analyzed the Critical Realism from the Dickens? life, the social background, and the purpose of writing. He thought Oliver Twist was Dickens? first authentic novel and also was the first time that he led readers into a real but terrible life of underworld. Chen Qinglan ( 2020) from the children education problem to show the criticize realistic in Oliver Twist. She pointed out Dickens raised many kinds social problems, especially the problem of children education. In his novel he cried hard for the mitering children and appealed urgently that society, schools and families must pay more attention to the children?s education 本科畢業(yè)論文 6 and take care of them and help them grow up in a healthy way. Cui Tong (2020) mented Oliver Twist from the theory of knowledge and nature of Marxist to analyze the views on family, marriage and moral of the three classes, and discusses the social phenomena and the essence of conflict among proletariat, bourgeoisie and aristocratic. It exposes the bourgeoisie of exploitation and slanders on the proletariat. These studies reflect the difficult critical realism from different aspects. However, the critical realists didn?t realize the necessity of changing the capitalist society through conscious human effort. Dickens was unable to find a way to solve the social conflicts. Oliver Twist starts from a powerful exposure of the ugliness of the capitalist society, but have a happy ending at the end. Here lies the weakness of the critical realism. The Comments of the Novel Charles Dickens is the representative of the critical realist literature. In British literary history, he is the most important classic writer except William Shakespeare, and is also one of the most famous writers in the world whose position can39。s fully realized 1iterary creations. Facing the plicated life experiences, the main characters of the novel expose the human nature in 本科畢業(yè)論文 11 different ways. Through these characters, Dickens explores the bad, vain human nature, and carols the kindness and mature humanity. The reader can feel his hatred to the greed capitalist society and the sincere wish for a charitable one. This thesis will analyze the critical realism from four aspects in Oliver Twist. It describes the condemnation of the decay in the society firstly, secondly it introduces condemnation of the New Poor Law, then it analysis critical view of the capitalistic system and critical view of the morality of money worship. Condemnation of the Decay in the Society The realists of the 19th century made a panoramic picture of the bourgeois society. They gave a biting exposure of the greed, hypocrisy and sordidness of the bourgeoisie. A11 the evils of the existing institutions—the govern