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進行比較,將比較后的偏差值進行 PID 運算,再將運算后的數(shù)字信號 攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文) 2 高層樓宇恒壓供水控制系統(tǒng)整體設(shè)計 5 通過 D/A 轉(zhuǎn)換模塊轉(zhuǎn)換成模擬信號作為變頻器的輸入信號,控制變頻器的輸出頻率,從而控制電動機的轉(zhuǎn)速,進而控制水泵的供水流量,最終使用戶供水管道上的壓力恒定在允許范圍內(nèi),實現(xiàn)變頻恒壓供水功能。 變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)是以控制供水出口管網(wǎng)水壓為控制目標,使實際供水量始終處于設(shè)定的供水壓力范圍。變頻固定式是指變頻器始終拖動某一臺水泵機組作為調(diào)速泵,當供水量無法滿足要求時,并且此組水泵機組已經(jīng)是工作在 50HZ 的頻率下,這是就需要增加另一臺水泵機組來增大管網(wǎng)水壓,系統(tǒng)會直接啟動一臺處于工頻運行狀態(tài)的水泵機組,原來的調(diào)速泵依然運行于調(diào)速狀態(tài);變頻循環(huán)式也是當供水要求無法滿足時,需要增加額外的水泵機組,但新增加的水泵機組做變頻運行,原來的變頻調(diào)速泵轉(zhuǎn)為工頻運行狀態(tài)。 (3) 控制機構(gòu):控制系統(tǒng)包括 PLC、變頻器和電控設(shè)備,一般整體安裝于控制柜中。由于終端檢測得到的是模擬信號,需要經(jīng)過 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換。以變頻器為核心結(jié)合 PLC組成的控制系統(tǒng)也具有諸多特點,如:高可靠性、強抗干擾能力、組合靈活、編程簡單、維修方便和低成本低能耗等。 目前國內(nèi)有不少公司在做 變頻 恒壓供水控制系統(tǒng)的工程,但主要設(shè)備如變頻器,仍大多采用國外品牌。之后國外生產(chǎn) 變頻 器的廠家開始推出能夠同時服務(wù)于多臺工作機組的 變頻 器。隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,恒壓供水控制系統(tǒng)中的 變頻 器作為執(zhí)行機構(gòu),在供水量大小需求不同時,為了保證管網(wǎng)壓力恒定,在管網(wǎng)終端配備壓力控制器和壓力傳感器,從而實現(xiàn)對壓力的閉環(huán)控制。 攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文) 緒論 1 1 緒論 前景 隨著社會經(jīng)濟的迅速發(fā)展,水對人民生活與工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的影響日益加強,人民對供水的質(zhì)量和供水系統(tǒng)可靠性的要求 也 不斷提高。系統(tǒng)設(shè)定的給水壓力值與反饋的總管壓力實際值進行比較,其差值輸入 PLC運算處理后,發(fā)出控制指令,控制電動機的轉(zhuǎn)速,從而達到給水總管壓力穩(wěn)定在設(shè)定的壓力值上。 攀枝花學(xué)院 本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文) 摘要 I 摘 要 高層樓宇恒壓供水控制系統(tǒng)具有運行穩(wěn)定可靠,占地面積小,節(jié)電節(jié)水,自動化程度高,操作控制方便等特點,這對于樓宇節(jié)能降耗、提高經(jīng)濟效益和保障設(shè)備安全、穩(wěn)定運行具有現(xiàn)實意義。 恒壓供水控制系統(tǒng)的基本控制策略是:采用電動機調(diào)速裝置與可編程控制器( PLC)構(gòu)成控制系統(tǒng) ,完成供水壓力的恒定控制,使管網(wǎng)流量變化達到穩(wěn)定供水壓力的目的。 關(guān)鍵 詞 變頻 調(diào)速,恒壓供水, PLC 攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文) ABSTRACT II ABSTRACT Frequency control water supply system has a stable and reliable operation, small footprint, power saving, high degree of automation, convenient control features, which improve the economic and security equipment for building energy saving, safe and stable operation withpractical significance. The paper through the analysis of the principle of frequency control water supply control system, the system structure and different control schemes to design more in line with the actual needs of the constant pressure water supply control system. Through research and parison, the paper inverter and PLC constant pressure water supply, carried out a detailed introduction to the hardware design of the system, and then use the digital PID constant voltage control system design. The basic control strategy of constant pressure water supply control system: the use of a motor speed control device with programmable controller (PLC) control systems, constant water pressure control, the purpose of a stable water supply pressure changes in the pipe work traffic. Explorer pressure of the water supply pressure and feedback system set actual value parison, the difference between the input PLC operation processing, issue control instructions to control the speed of the motor, so as to achieve the water mains pressure stabilized at the set pressure value. The system is capable of automatic control of the water supply process, which can effectively reduce power consumption, to ensure the water supply system is maintained at the optimum operating conditions to improve the production management level. System reliability is high, the economy is strong. Key word Speedfrequency variable, Constant pressure water supply, PLC 攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文) 目錄 III 目 錄 摘 要 ..................................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................... II 1 緒論 ................................................................................................................................1 ........................................................................................................................1 國內(nèi)外研究概況 ......................................................................................................1 恒壓供水工藝圖 ......................................................................................................2 2 高層樓宇恒壓供水系統(tǒng)整體設(shè)計 ...............................................................................3 變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)的組成及原理圖 ..........................................................................3 變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)控制流程 ....................................................................................5 水泵切換條件分析 ..................................................................................................5 3 系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計 ...........................................................................................................8 系統(tǒng)主要設(shè)備的選型 ...............................................................................................8 PLC及其擴展模塊的選型 .................................................................................8 系統(tǒng)主電路分析及其設(shè)計 ........................................................................................9 系統(tǒng)控制電路分析及其設(shè)計 .................................................................................. 11 PLC的 I/O端口分配及外圍接線圖 ......................................................................... 13 4 系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計 ......................................................................................................... 16 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計分析 ................................................................................................ 16 PLC程序設(shè)計 ........................................................................................................ 17 ...................................................................................... 17 控制系統(tǒng)子程序設(shè)計