【正文】 acts C. Buy Trans Fats Free Products Now! D. Don’t Eat in Fast Food Restaurant! D The “halo effect” is a classic finding social psychology. It is the idea that general evaluations(評價 ) about a person (. she is likeable) influence judgments about their specific traits(品質(zhì) )(. she is intelligent). Hollywood stars give the perfect example. Because they are often attractive and likeable, we naturally consider they are also intelligent, friendly and so on. That is, sometimes, not true. In the 1970s, wellknown social psychologist Richard Nisbett set out to prove the fact that we actually pay little attention to our thought processes in general, especially to the halo effect. Nisbett wanted to examine the way students made judgments about teachers. They had been divided into two groups to watch two different videos of the same teacher, who happened to have a strong Indian accent. One group watched the teacher answer a series of questions in an extremely warm and friendly manner. The second group saw exactly the same person answer exactly the same questions in a cold and distant manner. In one the teacher appeared to like teaching and students, and in the other he came across as someone powerful who didn’t like teaching at all. After each group of students watched the videos they were asked to evaluate the teacher on physical appearance, mannerisms and even his accent (mannerisms were kept the same across both videos). The same as the hale effect infers, students who saw the “warm” one evaluated him more attractive, his mannerisms more likeable and even his accent as more pleasing. This was unsurprising as it backed up the idea s on the halo effect. At the same time, for those who had seen the other video, the result was just the wrong way around. The surprise is that students had no clue why they gave one teacher higher evaluations. Most said that how much they liked the teacher had not influenced their evaluation of his individual traits at all. The halo effect is fascinating and now wellknown in the business world. For example, books that have “Harvard Classics” written on the front can ask twice the price of the exact same book without it. The same is true in the fashion industry. So the next time you consider buying a pair of designer jeans or decide whether 9 you like someone, ask yourself whether the halo effect is operating. Are you really evaluating the traits of the person? This simple check could save you wasting your money or refusing a royal friend. Or perhaps, even if you do check, you’ll still never know. 56. Why does the author mention Hollywood stars in the first paragraph? A. To help us to evaluate others. B. To explain what the halo effect is C. To show us the background of the story D. To tell us Hollywood stars are not truly friendly 57. Which one do you think is NOT an example of the halo effect? A. You make friends with the people who have good judgments B. You prefer to buy the products advertised by a movie star C. You pay more for a simple Tshirt with a famous designer’s name on it. D. You believe your teachers are intelligent because they appear likeable 58. What can we learn from the passage? A. People can do nothing to avoid the halo effect B. People use the halo effect widely in the business world C. People often wonder how the halo effect works before shopping D. People sometimes don’t realize the halo effect when they make judgments 59. The passage is mainly about A. the cause of the halo effect B. the development of the halo effect C. the evaluation of the