外文翻譯---在煤層開采地點(diǎn)控制地下水污染的決策支持系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展-其他專業(yè)-全文預(yù)覽
【正文】 ugh manmade wetlands or other settling structures. 3 Development of Decision Support System Knowledge Acquisition Knowledge acquisition is a bottleneck in DSS development and involves the processes of knowledge elicitation, analysis and representation. It is crucial 中國礦業(yè) 大學(xué) 12 屆 本科生 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 第 141 頁 because output of the system is only as good as the input. The main sources of knowledge in this study are the domain experts, the statistical data about coal mining, and documents. GCDSS GCDSS consists of the modules for mine characterization, numerical modeling, risk assessment, and remediation technique selection. It also consists of a graphical user interface which allows the user to input and query the site related data, and shows the remendations and suggestions for the user. Details on the numerical modeling, risk assessment, and remediation technique selection modules are discussed as follows. The architecture of GCDSS is shown in Figure 1. Architecture of GCDSS Mine Characterization Module Mine characterization is crucial for the following numerical modeling, risk assessment, and the selection of remediation technologies in GCDSS. This 中國礦業(yè) 大學(xué) 12 屆 本科生 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 第 142 頁 module has the function of providing the necessary data and standards input for the other three modules. A number of factors on mine characterization are discussed in this module, for example: (1) Types of mining There are two types of coal mines: surface and underground. Surface mining includes open pit mining, highwall or strip mining, which recovers coal at or close to the earth’s surface. Underground mining extracts coal from under the surface. (2) Mining wastes The major wastes from coal mining activities are mining water and waste rock, which are serious longterm sources of groundwater deterioration. Mining water, monly referred to AMD, is highly acid water rich in heavy metals. Mining water can directly pollute groundwater when mining is below the water table, or indirectly through seepage. Waste rock is often disposed in large dumps. When water (such as rainwater, surface water or mining water) infiltrates through waste dumps into subsurface water, groundwater quality can be also greatly affected [3]. Numerical Modeling Module Numerical modeling of groundwater flow and transport requires a number of data inputs on soil hydraulic properties, time integration parameters, initial and boundary conditions, porous media dispersivities, species solubility, and other many parameters. This module implements the general multiponent transport equation which can be expressed as follows [4]. where and are the fractions of the soil filled with mobile and immobile water respectively。 f is the fraction of sorption sites which is in direct contact with mobile liquid。 and is the hydrodynamic dispersion tensor . Risk Assessment Module Environmental risk is the probability of injury,
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