【正文】 ustry and in the petroleum chemical industry production process, the heat exchanger obtains the more and more widespread application. In the chemical plant, the heat exchanger accounted for the proportion also to have the distinct enhancement, became one of most important unit equipment. In the fixed head heat exchanger design process, the design and the calculations. carry on strictly according to GB1501998 Steel Pressure vessel and GB1511999 Tubular heat exchangers the standards. In this design process, including three parts: explanation calculations part, cartography part, translation part. Explanation putation the part mainly elaborated to various part of ponents manufacture technological process, the spare part material selecting, and the heat exchanger equipment development trend, finally it has carried on the examination and the test for the heat exchanger manufacture. The calculations part mainly was to the tube body, the shell cover, the tube plate and the tube plate and the heat transfer pipe coupling has been carried on the examination, and has been carried on 3 the hydraulic pressure test and the intensity examination to the tube body and the shell cover. In addition, referring the related design handbook and the massive literature, it has pleted an assembly drawing and four detail drawing plan, and has carried on work and one translations. Keyword： fixed head heat exchanger， check. 2 目錄 目錄 .......................................................... 2 1 前言 ......................................................... 2 換熱器的概述 ............................................... 2 換熱設(shè)備的應(yīng)用 ............................................... 2 換熱器設(shè)備的分類 ............................................. 2 2 固定管板式換熱器 .............................................. 5 設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)的確定 .............................................. 5 設(shè)計(jì)壓力 ..................................................... 5 計(jì)算壓力 ..................................................... 6 設(shè)計(jì)溫度 ..................................................... 6 厚度及厚度附加量 ............................................. 6 焊接接頭系數(shù) ................................................. 7 許用應(yīng)力 ..................................................... 7 材料 的選取 ................................................. 9 化學(xué)成分 ..................................................... 9 力學(xué)與性能 .................................................. 10 制造工藝性能 ................................................ 11 3 管程結(jié)構(gòu) .................................................. 11 換熱管 ...................................................... 11 管板 ........................................................ 12 管箱 ........................................................ 13 管束分程 .................................................... 14 換熱管與管板連接 ............................................ 14 殼程結(jié)構(gòu) .................................................. 16 殼體 ........................................................ 17 折流板 ...................................................... 17 折流桿 ...................................................... 18 防短路結(jié)構(gòu) .................................................. 19 殼程分程 .................................................... 20 開(kāi)孔和開(kāi)孔補(bǔ)強(qiáng)設(shè)計(jì) ......................................... 20 補(bǔ)強(qiáng)結(jié)構(gòu) .................................................... 20 開(kāi)孔補(bǔ)強(qiáng)設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則 ............................................ 21 允許不另行補(bǔ)強(qiáng)的最大開(kāi)孔直徑 ................................ 22 密封裝置設(shè)計(jì) .............................................. 22 密封機(jī)理 .................................................... 23 焊接接頭結(jié)構(gòu) .............................................. 23 4 焊接接頭形式 ................................................ 24 坡口形式 .................................................... 25 壓力容器焊接接頭分類 ........................................ 25 3 換熱器結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算 ............................................... 26 殼程圓筒計(jì)算 .............................................. 26 圓筒厚度計(jì)算 ................................................ 26 液壓試驗(yàn)校核 ................................................ 27 壓力及應(yīng)力計(jì)算 .............................................. 28 前端管箱筒體計(jì)算 ........................................... 28 厚度計(jì)算 .................................................... 28 壓力及應(yīng)力計(jì)算 .............................................. 30 后端管箱筒體計(jì)算 ........................................... 31 厚度計(jì)算 .................................................... 31 液壓試驗(yàn)校核 ................................................ 32 壓力及應(yīng)力計(jì)算 .............................................. 33 前端管箱封頭計(jì)算 ........................................... 34 墊片 ........................................................ 34 螺栓 ........................................................ 35 計(jì)算封頭厚度 ................................................ 37 5 后端管箱封頭計(jì)算 ........................................... 38 墊片 ........................................................ 38 螺栓 ........................................................ 39 計(jì)算封頭厚度 ................................................ 41 管板設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .............................................. 42 結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸及材料選取 .......................................... 42 管箱 ........................................................ 43 換熱管穩(wěn)定許用應(yīng)力 .......................................... 43 殼程圓筒內(nèi)直徑橫截面積 ...................................... 44 管板開(kāi)孔后的面積 ............................................ 44 圓筒殼壁金屬橫截面積 ........................................ 44 管板布管區(qū)面積 .............................................. 44 U 型膨脹節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ......................................... 44 開(kāi)孔補(bǔ)強(qiáng)計(jì)算 .............................................. 49 管箱開(kāi)孔補(bǔ)強(qiáng)計(jì)算 ............................................ 49 封頭上開(kāi)孔補(bǔ)強(qiáng)計(jì)算 .......................................... 5