環(huán)境專業(yè)畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯-環(huán)境工程-全文預(yù)覽
【正文】 xposure assessment is plex than human exposure assessment, the key points are pollutants and anisms must be considered, as well as ecosystems, pollution and environment interaction, mutual influence. Therefore, we must strengthen the evaluation of research methods and techniques. 4. Deal of uncertainty It is always the major problem that Deal with uncertainty in risk assessment. Uncertainties in extrapolating from the variety processes, such as: interspecies extrapolation, between different levels of biological anization extrapolation from laboratory to field extrapolation cases, from highdose to lowdose extrapolation and others. Therefore, it is the key technical problems to address that the uncertainty dealing with quantitative risk assessment. We need to develop extrapolation theory, and built up the appropriate extrapolation model. In short, with the Environmental Protection has entered a new era, it can be predicted that environmental risk assessment studies will write fresh history about the survival of mankind, environment protect and improve the natural environment to make new contributions to the theoretical advancing of environmental science study. 。 Ecological risk, not only taking into accounts biological individuals and groups, but also taking into account the munity, evens the entire ecosystem。 ecological risk assessment is concluding and bees satisfactory. In general, the current environmental risk assessment follows several characteristics and trends in abroad: Research focus from human health risk assessment transferred to the ecological risk assessment。 in 1992, the syllabus of ecological risk assessment guidelines has been ing up [11], in principle, given the framework of ecological risk assessment. From the research point of view, it is same as the NAS39。 on the other hand, it is the birth of the urgent need for environmental protection, environmental science, and the inevitable result of the development. It is a transition which marks an important environmental protection strategy, so that from the management of pollution to the prepollution forecast and the implementation of effective management. Many countries’ environmental protection agencies and relevant international anizations start to focus on this problem. The risk assessment emerged in several industrialized countries in 1970’s。因此對不確定性的定量化處理是風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)必須解決的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問題。顯然，生態(tài)暴露評(píng)價(jià)遠(yuǎn)比人體暴露評(píng)價(jià)復(fù)雜，關(guān)鍵必須考慮污染物與生物體以及生態(tài)系統(tǒng)、污染物與環(huán)境間的相互作用、相互影響。在生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)中、暴露評(píng)價(jià)相對人體健康暴露評(píng)價(jià)來說是特別困難的，尤其對暴 露群體的表征，針對不同物種，它們棲息地環(huán)境差異很大，如水生環(huán)境、陸生環(huán)境和其他特定環(huán)境等。風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)涉及的模型很多，主要有污
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