【正文】 的氣氛”做主語(yǔ)，就轉(zhuǎn)化成了極具英語(yǔ)特色的非人稱主語(yǔ)句，表達(dá)效果會(huì)更好。翻譯段落5婚姻，因?yàn)橹袊?guó)人的家庭觀念很重，認(rèn)為齊家是治國(guó)的根本?；橐鲇勺约鹤鲋?，但是仍要征求家長(zhǎng)同意。平天下：create the peaceful world，它們的邏輯主語(yǔ)都是“讀書人”，用增譯法添加主語(yǔ)they，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整。翻譯時(shí)需要增添主語(yǔ)“人們”one, 表示是當(dāng)時(shí)普遍存在的情況。中國(guó)是世界四大文明古國(guó)之一，擁有大量的中華文化光輝的古跡，此外，中國(guó)地大物博，擁有茂密的森林、雄偉壯麗的瀑布、秀麗的湖泊以及如利劍直插云霄的山峰，所有這些都令世界各國(guó)人民神往。早在2000多年前，就產(chǎn)生了以孔孟為代表的儒家學(xué)說(shuō)和以老莊為代表的道家學(xué)說(shuō)，以及其他許多也在中國(guó)思想史上有地位的學(xué)說(shuō)流派，這就是有名的“諸子百家”。所有這些，對(duì)家庭，國(guó)家和社會(huì)起到了巨大的維系與調(diào)節(jié)作用。漢字在其漫長(zhǎng)的發(fā)展史中演化成許多不同的書寫形式，例如篆書、隸書、楷書和行書。儒學(xué)(Confucianism)，這個(gè)道德和宗教哲學(xué)的大系統(tǒng)建立在孔圣人(Master Kung)的教學(xué)上。而讀者群就更加復(fù)雜，他們來(lái)讀《紅樓夢(mèng)》，會(huì)各就自己的特點(diǎn)，欣賞該書中的某一個(gè)方面，受到鼓舞，受到啟發(fā)，引起了喜愛(ài)。 articles and allowing themselves to be led by the nose by the critics as to how to read the novel? Next to literary works, especially a monumental one like A Dream of Red Mansions, are extremely rich in content and involve perse social stratato such an extent that they virtually resemble a mountain of treasure or a the readers are even more plicated, differing from each other in family will each appreciate a certain aspect of the novel according to their own may feel inspired and enlightened, and hence love it, or they may feel hurt, and hence loathe short, the reactions 、傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日 春節(jié)：春節(jié)慶?；顒?dòng)是一年中最重要的慶?；顒?dòng)。大多數(shù)中國(guó)人將在春節(jié)的第7天停止慶祝活動(dòng)，因?yàn)槿珖?guó)性節(jié)假通常在這一天結(jié)束，但在公共場(chǎng)所的慶?；顒?dòng)可能最終持續(xù)到正月十五。因此，這個(gè)節(jié)日既有祭掃新墳生別死離得悲酸淚，又有踏青游玩的歡笑聲，是一個(gè)富有特色的節(jié)日。元宵節(jié)傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗中還有一部分是關(guān)于猜燈謎的游戲。屈原是一位忠誠(chéng)和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他給國(guó)家?guī)?lái)了和平和繁榮。The Duan WuFestival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to memorate the patrioticpoet Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as are sult of being got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of QuYuan’s thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and ：農(nóng)歷八月十五日是中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日——中秋節(jié)。傳說(shuō)古時(shí)候，天空曾有10個(gè)太陽(yáng)圍著地球旋轉(zhuǎn)。中國(guó)的筷子夾菜的一端是圓的，象征著天；另一端是方的，象征著地。將菜送入口中后，應(yīng)立刻把筷子放下。文房四寶品類繁多，豐富多彩，選材制作不斷趨于完善、精美，歷代都有名品、名匠產(chǎn)生，成為一種深厚的文化積淀。人們發(fā)現(xiàn)，繩結(jié)可以追朔到10萬(wàn)年前。吉的意思是“福、祿、壽、喜、財(cái)、安、康”，這是中國(guó)人永恒的追求，因此有些中國(guó)結(jié)表達(dá)出人們的各種愿望。地域菜系在地理環(huán)境、氣候、文化傳統(tǒng)、民族風(fēng)俗和其他因素的影響下經(jīng)過(guò)悠久歷史的發(fā)展已經(jīng)成形。京劇是中國(guó)所有劇種中最有影響力和代表性的，在中國(guó)乃至世界享有聲譽(yù)。Known as China’s national opera, Peking Opera originated in the late 18th century from the basis of some local operas in Anhui and Hubei Opera is the mostinfluential and representative of all operas in has won great popularity not only in China but also throughout the Opera is aharmonious bination of many art is a synthesis of traditional music, dancing, poetry, acrobatics and martial is famous for itsexquisite costumes, beautiful makeup or painted face, and established performing conventions and of patterns and brilliant colors on the painted face has a symbolic meaning: red suggests loyalty。// 為了更好的推廣武術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)，使其與奧運(yùn)項(xiàng)目接軌，中國(guó)武協(xié)和國(guó)際武聯(lián)做了大量的艱苦卓絕的工作。今天高超的武術(shù)大師已遍布世界各地，武術(shù)愛(ài)好者也與日俱增。據(jù)記載，獅舞已擁有了2,000多年的歷史。painstaking work）謹(jǐn)慎和堅(jiān)毅（prudence and determination）熱情和樂(lè)觀（, enthusiasm and optimism）博學(xué)和求知（learnedness and seeking knowledge/pursuit of knowledge）絕望和堅(jiān)持（Frustration and perseverance）獨(dú)立性問(wèn)(independence)感恩(gratitude)創(chuàng)新(creation and innovation)鼓勵(lì)(encouragement)自滿和謙遜（selfsatisfied and modest）合作（cooperation）等： in all, by cooperation among each other, we will be able to explore a wider world and reach further , whatever difficulty or situation we are confronted with, those who have the spirit of cooperation and team work are nearer to as John Adams, the second quoted from the ancient Greek Aesop’s Fables,“United we stand, divided we fall.”自信：(confidence)(可以把獨(dú)立換成考場(chǎng)上需要你寫的主題詞，比如，the spirit of impendence等)社會(huì)和學(xué)校話題：對(duì)于學(xué)校社會(huì)話題同樣是喊出口號(hào)，分析利弊，不可能寫出太多實(shí)質(zhì)的話題：常見(jiàn)的話題：1． 資源保護(hù)(Energy and Resource Saving)環(huán)境保護(hù)(Environmental protection)低碳環(huán)保（lowcarbon life）旅游對(duì)環(huán)境的影響（2． 人口增長(zhǎng)(The growth of China’s population)3． 社會(huì)保障問(wèn)題(Social security fund)4． 假冒偽劣產(chǎn)品問(wèn)題(Counterfeits and unqualified products)食品安全(food safety)5． 消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)問(wèn)題(The protection of consumers rights and interests)6． 社會(huì)誠(chéng)信的缺失（Honest is the best pays to be honest.）It is not hard to notice that without honesty/credibility, hardly can individuals or organizations make money, take profits, let alone obtain wealth in the long term, especially in this fiercely petitive modern world, I ，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，要是沒(méi)有誠(chéng)信在這樣一個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中，從長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看個(gè)人和組織是很難賺到錢，賺到利潤(rùn)的，更不必說(shuō)獲得財(cái)富了。精心準(zhǔn)備的中餐既可口又好看，烹飪技藝和配料在中國(guó)各地差別很大。一部分人認(rèn)為這是沒(méi)有必要的，學(xué)生就應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)傳統(tǒng)的課程。也是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)和文化的重要組成部分。這種形式的手工藝代代相傳，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)在中國(guó)和世界各地越來(lái)越受歡迎。在古代，人們用它來(lái)記錄事件，但現(xiàn)在主要是用于裝飾的目的。不管怎樣，信息技術(shù)引起廣大人民的重視是一件好事。由于食物對(duì)健康至關(guān)重要，好的廚師總是努力在谷物、肉類和蔬菜之間取得平衡，所以中餐既味美又健康。In a sense, it is not why in today’s world but what we should do to cope with ，不是討論為什么在今天的世界會(huì)存在這種話題，而在于我們應(yīng)該怎么去應(yīng)對(duì)他。因此，舞獅成為元宵節(jié)（the Lantern Festival）和其他節(jié)日的習(xí)俗，人們以此來(lái)祈禱好運(yùn)、平安和幸福。獅為百獸之首，在中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)中，獅子被視為是能帶來(lái)好運(yùn)的吉祥物（mascot）。//武術(shù)的蓬勃發(fā)展，除得益于其項(xiàng)目本身的吸引力之外，早期移居海外的一代武術(shù)大師功不可沒(méi)。black suggests ：武術(shù)在我國(guó)源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)，是中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化的瑰寶。京劇集傳統(tǒng)音樂(lè)、舞蹈、詩(shī)歌、雜耍、武術(shù)于一身，以華麗的戲服、逼真的臉譜和程式化的演出套路而聞名。中國(guó)的“八大菜系”是以多種多樣的烹飪方法區(qū)分的，各有其長(zhǎng)處。The Chinese Knot is an ancient art form and artifacts could be found as far back as 100 000years people used knots for more than justfastening , wraping, hunting, were also to record events ,and someknots had purely ornamentak Chinese Knot has cultural knot is pronounce d as“jie” in Chinese similar with that of “ji”,which means blessing,goodsalary,longevity,happpiness,fortune,safety and health and is the everl astingpursuit of Chinese people ,some Chinese Knots espress people39。中國(guó)結(jié)具有文化內(nèi)涵（cultural connotation）。In China, “four treasures of the study” refers to “writing brush”, “ink stick”, “paper” and“ink slab”, playing an important role in passing on Chinese not only have their value of practical use, but also bee the works of art for appreciation and is a large variety of these four of materials and making process have bee increasingly delicate and dynasty of Chinese history saw famous craftsmen appear and works produced, which is a profound process of cultural accumulation In contemporary times, “four treasures of the study” have been increasingly rarely used for study or writhing, but they are still playing anir replaceable role in the field