【正文】 stood in the rain, with his clothes ，衣服濕透了。B． with+名詞代詞+副詞Our school looks even more beautiful with all the lights ，我們的學?？瓷先ジ馈? Vincent sat at the desk, and he had a pen in his ． with+名詞代詞+動詞的ed形式With his homework done, Peter went out to ，彼得出去玩了。= The man felt very happy when he found so many children sitting around girl hid her box without anyone knowing where it ，沒有人知道它在哪里。The kid feels excited as there are so many places of interest to ：在with/without 的復合結構中，多數(shù)情況下with 能省略，但without 不能省略。A．作狀語獨立主格結構作狀語，其功能相當于一個狀語從句或并列分句。（After everything she needed was bought, Grace took a taxi home.）2．表示原因With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newlyelected president is having a hard ，新當選的總統(tǒng)日子不好過。（=As long as all the work is done, you can have a rest.）Everything taken into consideration, the plan seems to be more ，你的計劃似乎更實際些。4．表示伴隨情況或補充說明The strange man was walking down the street, with a stick in his ,手里拿著根手杖。He is the person with a lot of questions to be settled.(with 的復合結構作定語,修飾the student)他就是有許多問題要解決的那個人。需要提示的是，不 是所有用連詞的地方都可以改為獨立主格結構。 , the ,the, a, a第1頁（共9頁） you grow up in ______large family ,you are more likely to develop _____ability to get on well with ./,an the, the ,/ ,an ,the, the ,the ,Taylor has ___8yearold daughter who has _____gift for painting –she has won two national ，a，the，a，a dinner he gave ________ride to ________Capital , aC./, aD./, the May 5,2005,at ___World Table Tennis Championship ,Kong Ling hui and WangHao won the gold medal in men’s with ____score of 4: ,aB./ the ,/ ,a knew ______John Lennon ,but not ____famous ./,a ,theC./,the, a book tells ____life story of John Smith ,who left _______school and worked for a newspaper at the age of , the , the./,/ you e here for your holiday next time, don’t go to _____hotel。when success。I prefer writing , the./ ,the ,/ out of ____airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _____exciting ./, theB./, an, the way to understand thousands of new words in gain _____good knowledge of basic word ./ cakes are ’d like have ______third one because _____second one is rather too , a ,the ,a bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in warmth of _____sweater will of course be determined by the sort of ___wool , the ,/C./, theD./,/ financial crisis has put the world economy in a difficult 40.—Paul has gone abroad to try his luck.—In my _______, his decision is not （共9頁） 41.—Jack Brown is very clever and he studies hard as well.—No ________ he es out first in the is well known, the brain performs a very important _______, which controls the nerve system of the managed to reach the summit of his career, but it was at the _________ of his 44.—She got her first science fiction published．It turned out to be _________.—when was that?—It Was in 2008__________ she was still in college．。（不要改為獨立主格結構）If you check your test paper carefully, some mistakes can be ，有些錯誤是可以避免的。= You can use a large plastic bottle whose top was cut was walking along the road without any street lights on its both 。（=The murderer was brought in, and his hands were tied behind his back.）Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them ，其中許多是兒童。【誤】When class being over, the students left their classroom.【正】Class(being)over, the students left their ，學生都離開了教室。(= As there was no means of transportation, he had to walk home at midnight.)3．表示條件Weather permitting, we will hold our yearly sports meeting next ，我們下星期將舉行每年一次的運動會。（= When night came on, we put ourselves up in a small hotel.）All the guests seated, they began their ，他們才開始吃飯。（without不能省略）九、獨立主格結構的句法功能獨立主格結構在句中除了能充當原因狀語、時間狀語、條件狀語和伴隨狀語外，還能作定語。= When no one was noticing, he slipped through the ． with+名詞代詞+動詞不定式The little boy looks sad, with so much homework to ，小男孩看上去很不開心。= After the signal was given, the train wouldn’t dare go home without the job ，我不敢回家。= The boy was walking and his father was ． with+名詞代詞+介詞短語He stood at the door, with a puter in his He stood at the door, puter in ，手里拿著一部電腦。With his son so disappointing，the old man felt ,老人感到很不快樂。（兩個動作有先后，飯已做好，小孩才去睡覺的八、with、without 引導的獨立主格結構介詞with/without +賓語+賓語的補足語可以構成獨立主格結構，上面討論過的獨立主格結構的幾種情況在此結構中都能體現(xiàn)。The manager looks worried，many things to , 有這么多的事情要處理。= He was listening attentively in class, and his eyes were fixed on the task pleted, he had two months39。（相當于一個并列分句and his eyes were looking at the sky）C．ed形式“獨立主格結構”與邏輯主語+動詞的ing形式一樣，如果ed形式的邏輯主語和句子的主語不一致的話，就需要用ed形式的獨立主格結構。= As there was no further business to discuss, we all went ． 表示條件的ing形式作“獨立主格結構”Time permitting, we will have a piic next ，我們下星期將進行一次野炊。（相當于一個原因狀語從句Because the boy led the way）Many eyes watching him, he felt a bit ，他感到有點兒緊張。（= As he was very ill, he went home.）Seating himself at the desk, he began to read a ，他開始看雜志。t afford any time.）The four of us agreed on a division of labour , each to translate a quarter of the ，每人翻譯全書的四分之一。His mother to e tonight，he is busy preparing the ,他正在忙著準備飯菜。（seating himself at the desk擁有了自己的邏輯主語he，注意是“主格”）= When he seated himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a key to the bike lost, he had to walk to ，他只好步行去學校。例：⑴ To tell you the truth, what I said at the meeting was not my ，我在會上說的并不是我的意見。to tell you the truth。⑵ Judging from what he said, she must be an honest ，她一定很誠實。frankly speaking。例：⑴ Looking for my watch in the room, it had taken me a long ，用了我很長時間。例：⑴ If time permit, we’d better have a rest at this weekend.－→Time permitting，we’d better have a rest at this ，本周末我們最好休息一下。（名詞＋副詞；表時間）Without a word more spoken, he picked up the ，他拾起那張紙。表原因）Miss Wang e into the classroom, books in ，手里拿著書。三、形式：獨立主格結構在形式上有兩部分組成：第一部分有名詞或代詞擔任，第二部分由分詞、動詞不定式、形容詞、副詞、或介詞短語擔任。眾所周知非限定性從句通常以主句的某一成分作為自己的邏輯主語，從而依附于主句。1）現(xiàn)在分詞的獨立結構judging from / by?, generally speaking, strictly speaking 2)不定式的獨立結構to tell you the truth, to make things worse, to begin / sta