臺灣智能交通發(fā)展規(guī)劃與現(xiàn)狀(文件)
【正文】 需求管理高速公路匝道控制幹道號誌控制ATMS之相關(guān)技術(shù)? 電腦交通號誌? 匝道儀控? 事件自動偵測? 動態(tài)交通預(yù)測? 自動車輛定位? 可變訊息標(biāo)誌? 地理資訊系統(tǒng)? 行進(jìn)間測重? 自動車輛分類? 電子式自動收費(fèi)? 自動車輛辨識? 最佳路線導(dǎo)引2324Intelligent transportation applications? Electronic toll collection (ETC) makes it possible for vehicles to drive through toll gates at traffic speed, reducing congestion at toll plazas and automating toll collection. Most ETC systems were based on using radio devices in vehicles that would use proprietary (專利的 ) protocols to identify a vehicle as it passed under a gantry over the roadway.Many ETC systems use transponders like this one to electronically debit the accounts of registered cars without their stoppingNorway now has 25 toll roads operating with electronic fee collection (EFC), as the Norwegian technology is called (see AutoPASS). In 1995, Portugal became the first country to apply a single, universal system to all tolls in the country,電子式自動收費(fèi)27Automated vehicle identification? Some early AVI (Automated vehicle identification) systems used barcodes affixed to each vehicle, to be read optically at the toll booth. Optical systems proved to have poor reading reliability, especially when faced with inclement weather and dirty vehicles.? Most current AVI systems rely on radiofrequency identification, where an antenna at the toll gate municates with a transponder on the vehicle via Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC).High occupancy toll lanes? High occupancy toll lanes (HOT lanes) is a road pricing scheme that gives motorists in singleoccupant vehicles access to highoccupancy vehicle lanes (or HOV lanes). Typically, these tolls increase as traffic density and congestion within the tolled lanes increases, a policy known as congestion pricing. The goal of this pricing scheme is to minimize traffic congestion within the lanes.Cordon zones with congestion pricing? The main objective of this charge is to reduce traffic congestion within the cordon area. This fee or toll is charged automatically using electronic toll collection or automatic number plate recognition, since stopping the users at conventional toll booths would cause long queues, long delays, and even gridlock (市區(qū)交通大堵塞 ).Congestion pricing gantry at North Bridge Road, Singapore.Cordon zones (管制區(qū) ) have been implemented in Singapore
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