高考英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)-動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)(文件)
【正文】 （1）使用被動語態(tài)時應(yīng)注意的幾個問題。The boss made him work all day long.He was made to work all day long(by the boss)③短語動詞變被動語態(tài)時，勿要掉“尾巴”。如：People say he is a smart boy.It is said that he is a smart boy.He is said to be a smart boy.People know paper was made in China first.It is known that paper was made in China first.Paper was known to be made in China first.類似句型有：It is said / known / suggested / believed / hoped/ thought that …（2）不能用被動語態(tài)的幾種情況。④表示“希望、意圖”的動詞，如：wish、want、hope、like、love、hate等。（3）主動形式表被動意義。My pen writes 。The plan worked out successfully.The lamps on the wall turn off.③want, require, need后面的動名詞用主動表示被動含義。（4）被動形式表示主動意義的幾種情況。如：The book was sold by a certain bookstore.(被動語態(tài))The book is well sold.(系表結(jié)構(gòu))Z二、精典名題導(dǎo)解選擇填空1. Visitors ________not to touch the exhibits.(NMET 2001) request requested requesting 解析：答案為B。此題考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)的用法?，F(xiàn)在完成時表示過去年做的事對現(xiàn)在的影響。 mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I half of it.A. was missing B. had missed C. will miss D. missed解析：答案為D。 discussion alive when an interesting topic was brought in. A. was ing B. had e C. has e D. came解析：答案為D?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)，由現(xiàn)完成時的用法，可知動作發(fā)生在過去，故選D。照顧時間狀語從句時態(tài)一致時。全句意思是；我的心沒在他說的話上，所以恐怕他說的話我有一半沒聽到。plete是及物動詞，與句子的主語是被動關(guān)系，所以需要用被動語態(tài)表達(dá)?！北揪涞闹骶湟话悻F(xiàn)在時表達(dá)的是目前的情況，而“科技發(fā)展迅速”也是現(xiàn)階段正存在的一種狀態(tài)，不是在過去，也不是在將來，因此只能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表達(dá)。分析visitors與request之間的關(guān)系是此題的解題關(guān)鍵。②be hidden躲藏He was hidden behind the door.(He hid himself behind the door.)他藏在門后。⑤在“be + 形容詞 + to do”中，不定式的邏輯賓語是句子的主語，用主動代被動。The fish smells 。This kind of cloth washes 。⑥賓語是同源賓語，不定式、動名詞等謂語動詞不用被動語態(tài)。②表示狀態(tài)的謂語動詞，如：last、hold、benefit、contain、equal、fit、join、mean、last、look like、consist to等。⑤當(dāng)句子的謂語為say、believe、ex
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