歐洲文化入門——古羅馬(文件)
【正文】 ire ※ The Punic Wars ( 264—241 BC and 218—202 BC) ● Rome was defeated by Carthage at Cannae in 216 BC Hannibal ▲ Fabius Maximus, “Fabian Tactics”(緩兵之計(jì)） Roman defeated Carthage in 202 BC at Zama. ※ War in Greece:Greece bee a province in 149 BC. ※ Alliances with States:Provide protection. Ruling the Republic( the middle of 2th century BC Ⅳ .Destablisation of the Republic (100 BC until the Republic fell) ● Civil War: wealth, corruption, a new underclass, slave revolts and the rise of the army under powerful generals . ▲ Beginning of Civil War: Julius Caesar(10044 BC) amp。 gravitas and pietas ● Roman festivals the Lupercalia (Purification and fertility)and the Saturnalia( present giving , visiting friends and feasting) ● Sacrifice animal or human ● The priesthood—election。 Moliere Ⅳ . Philosophy ● Stoicism ● Epicureanism Ⅵ . Historical writing ● Julius Caesar (10245 BC), Civil Wars , War in Gaul ● Cicero (10243 BC) On O
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