【正文】
(1)整體式凹模。(3)局部鑲拼式凹模鑲塊。以型芯外徑成型塑料內(nèi)徑時(shí),規(guī)定型芯最大尺寸為基本尺寸,表示為(LM),塑料制品內(nèi)徑最小尺寸為基本尺寸,表示為L(zhǎng)s。 對(duì)于中小型塑件,最大磨損量可取塑件公差的1/6,對(duì)于大型塑件應(yīng)取塑件公差值的1/6以上。 由此可見(jiàn),影響因素多,累積誤差較大,所以我們?cè)谠O(shè)計(jì)時(shí)應(yīng)使累積誤差不超過(guò)塑件規(guī)定的公差值,即: 式中 —為塑件公差。 凹模深度尺寸為: H=凸模徑向尺寸的計(jì)算采用平均尺寸法,公式如下: D—— 型芯徑向尺寸(mm);δ—— 型芯的制造公差(mm);—— 塑件的平均收縮率(%);d—— 塑件徑向公稱(chēng)尺寸(mm);△—— 塑件公差值(mm)(3△/4項(xiàng)系數(shù)隨塑件精度和尺寸變化, —,);凸模徑向尺寸計(jì)算為: D= 凸模深度尺寸采用平均尺寸法,公式如下: H——凸模深度尺寸(mm);h——塑件孔深度尺寸(mm);—— 塑件的平均收縮率(%); ; ——凸模制造公差(mm)(當(dāng)尺寸小于50mm時(shí), =1/4;當(dāng)塑件的尺寸大于50mm時(shí), =1/5); ——塑件的最小收縮率(%)凸模深度尺寸為: H= 第八章 導(dǎo)向與定位機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)第八章 導(dǎo)向與定位機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)合模導(dǎo)向機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)于塑料模具是不可少的部件,因?yàn)槟>咴陂]合時(shí)要求有一定的方向和位置,必須導(dǎo)向。導(dǎo)向機(jī)構(gòu)主要有定位、導(dǎo)向、承受一定側(cè)壓力三個(gè)作用。當(dāng)側(cè)壓力很大時(shí),不能單靠導(dǎo)柱來(lái)承擔(dān),需要增設(shè)錐面定位裝置。導(dǎo)柱中心至模具外緣應(yīng)至少有一個(gè)導(dǎo)柱直徑的厚度;導(dǎo)柱通常設(shè)在離中心線 1/3 處的長(zhǎng)邊上。(4) 各導(dǎo)柱、導(dǎo)套及導(dǎo)向孔的軸線應(yīng)保證平行。 導(dǎo)柱的設(shè)計(jì)(1) 本設(shè)計(jì)的模具采用帶頭導(dǎo)柱,且加油槽。(5) 導(dǎo)柱的安裝形式,導(dǎo)柱固定部分與模板按 H7/m6 過(guò)渡配合,導(dǎo)柱滑動(dòng)部分按 H7/f7 或 H8/f7間隙配合。導(dǎo)套外徑按H7/m6 或 H7/k6 配合鑲?cè)肽0?。?duì)導(dǎo)向孔的結(jié)構(gòu)主要有四點(diǎn)要求,分述如下:(1)、形狀 為了使導(dǎo)柱進(jìn)入導(dǎo)套比較順利,在導(dǎo)套的前端倒圓角,導(dǎo)柱孔最好打通,否則導(dǎo)柱進(jìn)入未打通的導(dǎo)柱孔時(shí),孔內(nèi)空氣無(wú)法逸出而產(chǎn)生壓力,給導(dǎo)柱的進(jìn)入造成阻力。(5)導(dǎo)套的選擇應(yīng)根據(jù)模板的厚度來(lái)確定,材料為 T8A 硬到 HRC50~55,或采用 20 鋼滲碳 ~ 厚,淬硬到 HRC56~。 脫模機(jī)構(gòu)的組成脫模機(jī)構(gòu)由頂桿、頂桿固定板、頂出板、回程桿、勾料桿、回程彈簧組成,其中,勾料桿的作用是勾著澆注系統(tǒng)冷料,使其隨同塑件一起留在動(dòng)模一側(cè),頂桿用來(lái)頂制品,頂出固定板,用來(lái)固定頂桿,回程桿,利用回程彈簧起復(fù)位導(dǎo)向作用。由于塑料收縮時(shí)包緊型芯,因此推車(chē)力作用點(diǎn)應(yīng)盡量靠近型芯,同時(shí)推出力應(yīng)施于塑件剛性和強(qiáng)度最大的部位,作用面積也應(yīng)盡課能大一些,以防塑件變形或損壞。 脫模機(jī)構(gòu)的分類(lèi) 脫模機(jī)構(gòu)可按動(dòng)力來(lái)源分類(lèi)也可按模具結(jié)構(gòu)分類(lèi)(1)按動(dòng)力來(lái)源分類(lèi)。分為簡(jiǎn)單脫模機(jī)構(gòu)、雙脫模機(jī)構(gòu)、順序脫模機(jī)構(gòu)、二級(jí)脫模機(jī)構(gòu)、澆注系統(tǒng)脫模機(jī)構(gòu)等。(1)排溢設(shè)計(jì):排溢是指排出充模熔料中的前鋒冷料和模具內(nèi)的氣體等。為了能更好的把握模具生產(chǎn)的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),本次設(shè)計(jì)從頭到尾始終嚴(yán)格按照分析題目、收集資料、總體設(shè)計(jì)、具體設(shè)計(jì)、完善設(shè)計(jì)的步驟逐步進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),其中主要包括注塑機(jī)的選用、澆注系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)、凹模凸模的設(shè)計(jì)、成形零件的推出方式的確定以及排溢系統(tǒng)等的設(shè)計(jì)。如果不是老師的大力支持,我想我會(huì)走很多的彎路。最后,在此,我再次的感謝史老師對(duì)我的幫助和指導(dǎo)。s first plastic industry four largest industrial annually, plastic consumption has more than steel. In the world according to the size and weight putation of the consumption of plastic parts also exceeded steel. The plastics industry in China is expanding rapidly, especially in the last 20 years, yield and variety are greatly increased, many novelty engineering plastic also has already put in batch production. Plastics in 1990, the highest in the world tons to fourth place. Nowadays, China plastics industry has formed a fairly large plete system, it includes plastic production, forming, plastic machinery equipment, tooling and scientific research, personnel training, etc. Plastic industry in the national economy in each department plays a more and bigger role.Along with the science and technology progress and the national economy development to extensive plastic parts, plastic moulding technology needs to high precision, high efficiency and being long lifetime in that direction. Because it is a prehensive technology, so it39。 in The plastic injection molding melt in a peacekeeping twodimensional simple cavity of mold filling flow theory and mathematical model has solved somewhat, the future work is to bine theory with practical production to further enhance the plastic melt in 3d cavity flow behavior of the research. Further deepen the theoretical basis and the plastic molding technology principle of study so as to improve molding process methods, molding and shaping equipments.2. The plastic molding method innovation for some new plastic and some have special requirements, the old plastic parts molding method has no longer apply. Therefore, in recent years appeared a lot of new methods, such as the plastic molding materials without port coagulation thermosetting plastic injection molding, the injection molding, low foam injection molding, exhaust injection molding, flow injection molding, power molten injection molding, gasassisted injection molding and many varieties of plastic injection molding, casting of plastic molding, plastic powder sintering molding etc.3. Plastic pieces of precision, miniaturization and superlarge change in order to meet various departments of national economy of plastic parts of precision, miniaturization and super operating requirements of high precision mould, miniature and large mold developed, small size and type of plastic molding equipment also constantly emerging, for example, Germany injection quantity developed only g miniature injection machine. Can produce g a miniature plastic products around. Domestic manufacturing of gram39。塑料有著一系列金屬所不及的優(yōu)點(diǎn),諸如:重量輕、耐腐蝕、電氣絕緣性好、易于造型、生產(chǎn)效率高與成本低廉等。目前,塑件已深入到國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的各個(gè)部門(mén)中。我國(guó)的塑料工業(yè)發(fā)展也很快,特別是近20年,產(chǎn)量和品種都大大增加,許多新穎的工程塑料也已投入批量生產(chǎn)。 隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步與國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展對(duì)塑件的廣泛需求,塑料模塑成型技術(shù)正在向高精度、高效率與長(zhǎng)壽命的方向邁進(jìn)。 2. 塑料成型方法的革新 對(duì)于一些新型塑料和一些具有特殊要求的塑件,舊的成型方法已不再適用。 模具是塑件生產(chǎn)的重要工藝裝備之一。一副質(zhì)量好的注射模可以成型上百萬(wàn)次,壓縮模大約可以生產(chǎn)25萬(wàn)件,這些都同模具設(shè)計(jì)和制造有很大的關(guān)系。高效的全自動(dòng)設(shè)備也只有裝上能自動(dòng)化生產(chǎn)的模具才可能發(fā)揮其效能,產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)和更新