【正文】 study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic (神經(jīng)質的) than other people. Longliving women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.　　Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more selfdisciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those badtempered old people who are fixed in their ways.　　Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.　　Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mother’s personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we’re adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.　　Personality isn’t destiny(命運), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn’t just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.　　51. The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is____.　　A)to see whether people’s personality affects their life span　　B)to find out if one’s lifestyle has any effect on their health　　C)to investigate the role of exercise in living a long life　　D)to examine all the factors contributing to longevity　　52. What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people?　　A)They have a good understanding of evolution.　　B)They are better at negotiating an agreement.　　C)They generally appear more resourceful.　　D)They are more likely to get over hardship.　　53. What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?　　A)Easygoing people can also live a relatively long life.　　B)Personality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times.　　C)Such personality characteristics as selfdiscipline have no effect on longevity.　　D)Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.　　54. What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show?　　A)Children’s personality characteristics are invariably determined by their mothers.　　B)People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die sooner.　　C)Mothers’ influence on children may last longer than fathers’.　　D)Mothers’ negative personality characteristics may affect their children’s life spans.　　 can we learn from the findings of the two new studies?　　A)Anxiety and depression more often than not cut short one’s life span.　　B)Longevity results from a bination of mental and physical health.　　C)Personality plays a decisive role in how healthy one is.D)Health is in large part related to one’s lifestyle.　　Part IV Translation (30 minutes)　　Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on theAnswer Sheet 2.　　Finding the Right Home—and Contentment,Too　　[A]When your elderly relative needs to enter some sort of longterm care facility—a moment few parents or children approach without fear—what you would like is to have everything made clear.　　[B]Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? Are nursing homes as bad as people fear, or is that an outmoded stereotype (固定看法)? Can doing one’s homework really steer families to the best places? It is genuinely hard to know.　　[C] I am about to make things more plicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed. And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in. I am not talking about the quality of care, let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record. But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little real bearing on how well residents do.　　[D]The most recent of these studies, published in33to the brain, fueling memory, attention and creativity, which are29in the basic subjects of math, English and reading.　　The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to2016年6月大學英語四級考試真題卷一（完整版）Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (25minutes)　　Section A　　Directions:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.　　Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.　　1. A)The International Labor Organization’s key objective.　　B)The basic social protection for the most vulnerable.　　C