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表示在......之間:among, within, etc.≠ 表示不同概念:be different from, etc.表示無(wú)敵概念:matchless, peerless, etc.~ 表示大約概念:about/around, or so, approximately, etc./ 表示否定,消除等概念:cross out, eliminate, etc.五、 標(biāo)點(diǎn)等: 表示各種各樣說(shuō)的動(dòng)詞:say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc.? 表示問(wèn)題:question, issue, 例如:臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題:tw?. (dot) 這個(gè).點(diǎn)的位置不同表示的概念也不一樣.d表示yesterday, .y表示last year, .2m表示two month ago。不同文化背景造成人們說(shuō)話方式或習(xí)慣也不盡相同。下面我們看一些禮賓用語(yǔ)的中英文化差異以及譯法:一、 問(wèn)候每個(gè)國(guó)家的問(wèn)候語(yǔ)都是不同的,比如:有的中方主人在飛機(jī)場(chǎng)迎接外方的客人會(huì)說(shuō):歡迎歡迎,一路辛苦了。說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的國(guó)家沒(méi)有類似的表達(dá)習(xí)慣??梢赃@樣譯:You look great. 或You look :Your health is good.二、 稱呼在書(shū)面語(yǔ)稱呼上,對(duì)Dear Governor…或Dear Minister…這類身份較高的稱呼上,通常不譯為親愛(ài)的省長(zhǎng)、親愛(ài)的部長(zhǎng)這個(gè)Dear習(xí)慣用尊敬的。正確的譯法是:Please give us your wele your ments.怎么樣,今天就談到這里吧?生硬、突然的說(shuō)法:Well,shall we stop here for today?地道的習(xí)慣用語(yǔ):Thank you for…Shall we call it a day?今天的菜不好,請(qǐng)多多包涵。這是我們中國(guó)人為了表示禮貌客氣的一句客套話,有時(shí)禮品并非薄禮也這么說(shuō);而英美人的思維習(xí)慣卻是:這是專門(mén)為你準(zhǔn)備的禮品,希望你喜歡。比如:This evening,if you have time,we can go to the movie together. Well,I will play it by ear!Play it by ear用耳朵來(lái)彈奏? 不是!這里的play it by ear 英文原意是:to decide something at the moment you need to and not before. 因而這里的意思可理解為:今晚如果有空,你可以和我們一塊去看電影。因而這句可譯成:這臺(tái)機(jī)器是技術(shù)方面的新成就。豐富的文化背景和相關(guān)專業(yè)知識(shí)會(huì)有助于口譯譯員的臨場(chǎng)發(fā)揮。(不譯:還“留著”或“還呆在那里”)I39。(不譯:“我外出時(shí),請(qǐng)讓爐子繼續(xù)燒著”) Wait, he is serious. 等等,他不是說(shuō)著玩兒的。 (三) 短句拆譯 例子: ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ... 在六月里的一天早上,天氣晴朗,…… (四)譯詞推陳出新 例子: When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a lower.原譯:當(dāng)他可以大膽行動(dòng)的時(shí)候,他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己除了一個(gè)情人所具有的那種普通的害怕之外,心里還充滿懷疑、的顧慮和躊躇。m ashamed of you! George, I couldn39。 (六) 詞無(wú)定譯例子: It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous conditions. 我們根本不必追問(wèn)政府是否根據(jù)刑法或民法對(duì)范德比爾特提出起訴。 一. 英美等國(guó)的出版社在排版時(shí)遵循一條原則,即1至10用單詞表示,10以上的數(shù)目用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字(也有的以100為界限),這條原則值得我們借鑒。 Eg. There are 203817 voters on the electoral rolls. 選舉名單上有203817個(gè)投票人。 Eg. 3rd March l991或3 March l991; a discount of 5 percent(5%的折扣); Eg. purchased 7 yards of carpet(買7碼地毯); Eg. ordered 2 pounds of minced steak(訂購(gòu)2磅肉餡) 如果涉及的數(shù)目和單位是不定數(shù),可用單詞表示。s invite sb. to present the award 請(qǐng)…頒獎(jiǎng)achieve plete success 取得圓滿成功global celebration ceremony 全球慶典declare the closing of 宣布…結(jié)束Please rise for the national anthem. 請(qǐng)全體起立,奏國(guó)歌petitive job market 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的就業(yè)市場(chǎng)financial institutions 金融機(jī)構(gòu)forwardlooking 進(jìn)取 meet the challenges 迎接挑戰(zhàn) urban residents 城市居民place as the priority 把…列為重要內(nèi)容never neglect the work 不放松工作water conservation