麥x錫-topmanagementtrainingjit(文件)
【正文】 cess 3 listsBOM Inventory Levels Pull system ? Pull systems rely on the customer order ‘pulling’ material through the production system as and when it is required. ? The system can be thought of as a chain reaction, initiated by the customer withdrawing parts: Supplier Manufacturing site Customer Raw materials Finished goods Pull A shop stock is a controlled, inprocess store that increases the flexibility of the manufacturing process. ? The size depends on the reliability and changeover ability of the production process. ? It should be located and owned by the preceding process. ? It can only be used in a levelled production environment. Shop stocks Pull PI Process FIFO lanes FIFO Pull A FIFO lane is a controlled, inprocess store that increases the flexibility of the manufacturing process ? The size depends on the variation in work content across variants in the preceding process Size of FIFO lane = Longest cycle time Shortest cycle time Shortest cycle time ? It can only be used in a levelled production environment. Kanban is not a system, but a means of municating customer orders through the manufacturing process. There are three main types of kanban: ? Production Instruction kanban – Inprocess kanban – Signal kanban ? Parts Withdrawal kanban – Interprocess kanban – Supplier kanban ? Tablet kanban Kanban Pull There are three types of Pull System: Types of Pull System Fillup Pull System Used in environments with high frequency of withdrawal . automotive, fast moving consumer goods (fmcg) Sequential Pull System Used in environments with low frequency of withdrawal . generators, ship building Mixed Pull System Used where both high and low frequency of withdrawal occurs . 80% of demand from 10% of variants Pull Fillup Pull Process A PI Process B PI PW PW Dispatch Area Levelling Board Customer ? All parts are available in this system (like a supermarket) ? Kanbans are used to authorise replenishment and control build sequence ? The rate of production is controlled through the levelling board Pull Fillup Pull ? Minimised, stable customer lead time, which can be less than full production leadtime ? Minimal Inventories (quantity of each part) pared to push system ? Easy to adjust to changes in customer volume requirement after ordering ? Each process is responsible for replenishment of
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