浙江大學(xué)肖忠華語料庫corpus lingu(1)(文件)
【正文】 her than an independent branch of linguistics in the same sense as phoics, syntax, semantics or pragmatics – These latter areas of linguistics describe, or explain, a certain aspect of language use – Corpus linguistics, in contrast, is not restricted to a particular aspect of language it can be employed to explore almost any area of linguistic research A brief history of CL ? The term corpus linguistics first appeared only in the early 1980s, but corpusbased language study has a substantial history ? The history of CL can be split into two periods: before and after Chomsky A brief history of CL ? Before Chomsky – Field linguists and linguists of the structuralist tradition used “shoebox corpora” – shoeboxes filled with paper slips ? Their methodology was essentially “corpusbased” in the sense that it was empirical and based on observed data – The work of early corpus linguistics was underpinned by two fundamental, yet flawed assumptions ? The sentences of a natural language are finite. ? The sentences of a natural language can be collected and enumerated. – Most linguists saw the “corpus” as the only source of linguistic evidence in the formation of linguistic theories A brief history of CL ? Chomsky revolution: Between 1957 and 1965 Chomsky changed the direction of linguistics from empiricism towards rationalism – “Any natural corpus will be skewed. Some sentences won?t occur because they are obvious, others because they are false, still others because they are impolite. The corpus, if natural, will be so wildly skewed that the description would be no more than a mere list.” (Chomsky 1962) – Our internal knowledge of language in human brain (petence, Ilanguage) replaces observed data (performance, Elanguage) – Intuitions started to be relied on as evidence ? [Xiao, R. (2021) “Theorydriven corpus research: using corpora to inform aspect theory”. In A. L252。 – to keep students up to date with the latest developments in corpus research。Introducing Corpus Linguistics Corpus Linguistics Richard Xiao Module description ? Since the 1990s, the corpus methodology has revolutionized nearly all branches of linguistics – Corpus analysis can be illuminating in “virtually all branches of linguistics or language learning.” (Leech 1997) ? One of the strengths of corpus data lies in its empirical and attested nature – … pools together the intuitions of a great number of speakers – … makes linguistic analysis more objective ? This module – …introduces the theoretical and practical issues of using corpora in linguistic studies – …explores how the corpus based approach and other methodologies can be bined in linguistic studies Aims of the module ? The module aims to – provide an introduction to corpus linguistics。 – develop students? ability in corpusbased language studies. Contents 1) Introducing corpus linguistics 2) Corpus design and types of corpora 3) Data capture and markup 4) Corpus annotation 5) Making statistic claims 6) Corpus analysis (1): concordance and wordlist 7) Corpus analysis (2): keyword analysis 8) Corpora in lexicographic and lexical studies 9) Corpora in grammatical studies 10) Corpora in diachronic studies 11) Corpora in language variation research 12) Corpora in sociolinguistic studies 13) Corpora in language education 14) Corpora in literary and stylistic studies 15) Corpora in critical discourse analysis 16) Corpora in contrastive and translation s
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