【正文】
)結(jié)構(gòu)的不穩(wěn)定性導(dǎo)致電池極化增加,從而減少了正極的有效容量,使其實(shí)際容量僅有 140 mAh/g。 鋰錳氧化物 (LiMn2O4)系統(tǒng) Lil+xMn2O4是尖晶石型結(jié)構(gòu).氧原子構(gòu)成立方密堆積 (CCP)序列,鋰在 CCP 堆積的四面體間隙位置 (8a),而錳則在 CCP 堆積的八面體間隙位置 (16d)上,鋰可以從 (kiMn2O4)骨架提供的二維隧道中進(jìn)行脫嵌 n該系統(tǒng)具有制備容易、污染低、價(jià)格便宜等特點(diǎn),因而引起研究者的極大興趣. 實(shí)驗(yàn)中 除 了用傳統(tǒng)的固相反應(yīng)法之外,也 試著用其它方法如 sol— gel 法,水熱合成法,共沉淀法等合成鋰錳氧化物. Lil+xMn2O4,用作 4V 電池,理論容量為 148 mAh/g,初始容量高達(dá) 130 mAh/g,循環(huán) 200 次后比容量保持在 100 mAh/g以上.相對(duì)其它正極材料體系,該體系比容量較低,故而提高可逆比容量成為Li1+xMn2O4 正極材料體系的研究焦點(diǎn)之一但其理論容量的局限性最終限制了它作為實(shí)用 型正極材料的發(fā)展. 鋰鈷氧化物 (LiCoO2)系統(tǒng) LiCoO2為層狀結(jié)構(gòu)。 鋰釩氧化物 (Lil+xVxO8)系統(tǒng)。 鋰離子電 池正極材料具有廣闊的市場(chǎng),前景十分樂觀。充電時(shí)要求終止充電電壓的精度在177。以容量保持 80%計(jì),電池組 100%充放電循環(huán)次數(shù)可達(dá) 500 次以上,使用年限可達(dá)46 年,壽命約為鉛酸電池的兩到三倍; 鋰離子電池自放電率每月不到 4%,而鎳鎘、鎳氫、鉛酸電池普遍高于 30%; 鋰離子動(dòng)力電池可在 15℃~ 60℃之間工作,適合低溫使用,而水溶液電池(比如鉛酸電池、鎳氫電池)在低溫時(shí),由于電解液流動(dòng)性變差會(huì)導(dǎo)致性能大大 降低 ; 鋰離子電池?zé)o記憶效應(yīng),每次充電前不必像鎳鎘電池、鎳氫電池一樣需要放電,可以隨時(shí)隨地的進(jìn)行充電; 除了鋰離子電池電壓高之外,由于鋰離子動(dòng)力電池組的保護(hù)板能夠?qū)γ恳粋€(gè)單體電池進(jìn)行高精度監(jiān)測(cè),低功耗智能管理,具有完善的過充電、過放電、溫度、過流、短路保護(hù)、鎖定自恢復(fù)功能以及可靠的均衡充電功能,大大的延長了電池的使用壽命; 鋰離子動(dòng)力電池中 幾乎 不存在有毒物質(zhì),因此被稱為“綠色電池”,和 國家重點(diǎn)扶持 項(xiàng)目 。 關(guān)鍵詞: 釩酸鋰摻雜 ,流變相反應(yīng)法,鋰離子電池 ,正極材料 II Title Doped vanadium lithium rechargeable lithium battery cathode material Abstract LiV3O8 with layered structure LiV3O8 displays the characteristics stable crystal structure , lowcost, high capacity, abundant raw materials and stability in the air. Therefore, for the past 20 years, it has been widespread concern as a rechargeable lithium ion battery cathode material. In this paper, the use of low temperature downstream phase method the doped Zn to synthesize the cathode material LiV1xZnxO8 and the preparation conditions, and electrochemical properties of the synthesized materials research. Its main contents are: Weigh the different proportions of LiOH, NH4VO3 and Zn ( CH3COOH ) 2 grinding , Then add twicedistilled water to reconcile into a theological phase within the reactor 80℃ after 6 hours moisturizing dried for 12 hours . After calcined for 10 hours at different temperatures, the desired product is obtained. By XRD tests show that by the rheological phase was successfully prepared LiV3xZnxO8 product. The experiments show that the heating treatment temperature of 400 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the sample of LiV1xZnxO8 having the initial discharge capacity reaches mAh/g,And its excellent cycling performance , after the 30 week cycles , the specific capacity could meet the mAh/g . This result is pared with LiV3O8, LiV1xZnxO8 discharge than the capacity and charging performance and cycle performance showed the superiority of lithium vanadium oxide as a lithium battery cathode material performance has been significantly improved. Keywords: Lithium vanadium oxide doped Rheological phase reaction method Lithium iron battery Cathode material III 目 次 1 引言 ........................................................................................................................ 1 鋰離子電池正極材料研究進(jìn)展 .......................................................................... 1 鋰離子電池的工作原理 ...................................................................................... 3 鋰離子電池的組成研究 ...................................................................................... 5 2 實(shí)驗(yàn) ........................................................................................................................ 6 試劑和儀器: ................................................................................................... 6 化學(xué)試劑: .................................................................................................... 6 實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器 ........................................................................................................... 7 材料的合成: ..........................................................................................