【正文】 who monitor unemployment statistics here in Bucks County, Pennsylvania say about 28,000 people are unemployed and many of them are jobless due to no fault of their own. Thafs where the Bucks County Careerlink es in. Local director Elizabeth Walsh says they provide training and guidance to help unemployed workers find local job opportunities. “So here’s the job opening. Here＇s the job seeker. Match them together under one roof,“ she says. But the lack of work opportunities in Bucks County limits how much she can help. Rosen says he hopes Congress will take action. This month, he launched the NinetyNiners Union, an umbrella organization of eighteen Internet based grass roots groups of NinetyNiners. Their goal is to convince law makers to extend unemployed benefits. But Pennsylvania State representative Scott Petri says governments simply do not have enough money to extend unemployment insurance. He thinks the best way to help the longterm unemployed is to allow private citizens to invest in local panies that can create more jobs. But the boost in investor confidence needed for the plan to work will take time. Time that Rosen says still requires him to buy food and make monthly mortgage payments. Rosen says he%ll use the last of his savings to try to hang onto the home he worked for more than twenty years to buy. But once that money is gone, he says he doesn’t know what he＇ll do. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard. does unemployment insurance help the unemployed? is local director Elizabeth Walsh of the Bucks County Careerlink doing? does Pennsylvania state representative Scott Petri say is the best way to help the longterm unemployed? Recording Two Earlier this year, British explorer Pen Huddle and his team tracked for three months across the frozen Arctic Ocean, taking measurements and recording observations about the ice. “Well, we)ve been led to believe that we would encounter a good proportion of this older, thicker, technically multiyear ice that+s been around for a few years and just get thicker and thicker. We actually found there wasn＇t any multiyear ice at all.“ Satellite observations and submarine service over the past few years had shown less ice in the polar region. But the recent measurements show the lost is more pronounced than previously thought. u We are looking at roughly 80 percent loss of ice cover on the Arctic ocean in ten years, roughly ten years and 100 percent loss in nearly twenty years.“ Cambridge scientist Peter Waddams, been measuring and monitoring the Arctic since 1971, says the decline is irreversible. The more you lose, the more open water is created, the more warming goes on in that open water during the summer, the less ice forms in the winter, the more melt there is the following summer. It bees a breakdown process where everything ends up accelerating until ifs all gone.“ Martin Summercorn runs the Arctic program for the environmental charity the World Wildlife Fund. uThe Arctic sea ice holds a central position in the earth’s climate system and it’s deteriorating faster than expected. Actually, it has to translate into more urgency to deal with the climate change problem and reduce emissions.“ Summercorn says a plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions blamed for global warming needs to e out of the Copenhagen Climate Change Summit in December. “We have to basically achieve there—the mitment to deal with the problem now. That’s the minimum. We have to do that equitably. And that we have to find a mitment that is quick.“ Waddams echoes the need for urgency. “The carbon that we’ve put into the atmosphere keeps having a warming effect for 100 years. So we have to cut back rapidly now. Because it would take a long time to work its way through into our response by the atmosphere. We can’t switch off global warming just by being good in the future. We have to start being good now.“ Waddams says there is no easy technological fix to climate change. He and other scientists say there are basically two options to replacing fossil fuels. Generating energy with renewables or embracing nuclear power. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard. did Pen Huddle and his team do in the Arctic Ocean? does the report say about the Arctic region? does Cambridge scientist Peter Waddams say in his study? does Peter Waddams view climate change? Recording Three From a very early age, some children exhibit better selfcontrol than others. Now, a new study that began with about 1,000 children in New Zealand has tracked how a child“s low selfcontrol can predict poor health, money troubles and even a criminal record in their adult years. Researchers have been studying thinking“ and “persistence in reaching goals“. The children of the study are now adults in their thirties. Terrie Moffitt of Duke University and her research colleagues found that kids with selfcontrol issues tended to grow up to bee adults with a far more troubling set of issues to deal with. “The children who had the lowest selfcontrol when they were age L to 10, later on had the most health problems in their thirties, and they had the worst financial situation. And they were more likely to have a criminal record and to be raising a child as a single parent on a very low ine.“ Speaking from New Zealand via Skype, Moffitt explained that selfcontrol problems were widely observed and weren’t just a feature of a small group of misbehaving kids. “Even the children who had aboveaverage selfcontrol as preschoolers could have benefited from more selfcontrol training. They could have improved their financial situation and their physical and mental health situation 30 years later.“ So, children with minor selfcontrol problems were likely as adults to have minor health p