【正文】 e of lost direction for this generation after the war. The young men’s energies are exhausted by the war and destroyed by the war. It is this life style that gives the decade of the 1920s such nickname as “The Jazz Age”. So, Jazz of this period is just the embodiment of corruption, fear, and disappointment of Americans and demonstrates the real face of American society in the 1920s.B. Jazz in the 1960s1970sJazz in this two decades are merged with some fresh elements and gradually develops to a multielemental music. Jazz’s new development witnesses the development of American society and culture. In the two decades, America develops very fast and bees the strongest country of the world. Because of immigration, new cultures, new ideas are brought to America, which brings about multiculturalism of America.In the 1960s1970s, Jazz continues to explore its way to every corner of America and even the whole world. Since 1920s, different forms of Jazz, such as Swing, Bebop, and Cool Jazz appear one after another. In the 1960s, free Jazz appears and begins to be popular. The great musician Coleman changes the past ways of posing music according to certain rhythm, acpany and harmony. Jazz requests improvisator to give vein to all their energies and passion. Jazz of this period puts more emphasis on improvisation and offers more space to players. And rock’s instruments, volumes, and styles are introduced into Jazz, and fusing Jazz sprouts at the narrow space of Jazz and rock. In 1965, the fusing Jazz bees a member of Jazz family. Its earliest and famous fusing experiments are done in the recording of musician Miles Davis “In a silent way”. This kind of music style provides the original art with new appreciative points of view. And in the 1970s, Jazz and blues grow up in America together and they both convene finally at a fusion. This is another great fusion in Jazz. The fusion injects Jazz with new blood. After the fusion, Jazz’s tone is still agile, sometimes it is loud and sonorous。因此，每個本科生都必須認真對待，努力寫好畢業(yè)論文。畢業(yè)論文也講究一定的學術性，但其要求與目的不同于在學術期刊上發(fā)表的學術論文。 在確定論文題目的過程中，不宜草率從事、急于求成。 選擇論題和確定論文題目，應以“小題大做”為原則，其要領是：先從上述范圍內(nèi)選擇一個方向，然后逐漸縮小范圍.選擇論題與確定題目，必須弄明白研究方向、論題、題目之間的關系。總之，確定論文題目應當在一個易于操作的小范圍里去考慮。、分析資料、擬定參考書目從某種意義上說，選擇與確定論題的過程首先是收集和閱讀資料的過程。記錄內(nèi)容包括：作者名、書名能夠、版本、出版單位、出版地點、出版日期和參考資料的頁碼等。寫畢業(yè)論文需要利用各種參考資料，但寫作畢業(yè)論文決不僅僅時收集資料，或簡單的“剪刀加漿糊”的工作。因此你必須事實牢記你的論文的寫作目的。擬寫提綱本身就是一種思考與構思，其過程是對所準備的論據(jù)進行分析整理。一篇畢業(yè)論文，一般由引言（Introduction）、論文主體（Body）和結語（Conclusion）三大部分構成。開頭和結尾部分可安排一兩個段落，而主體部分必須分成多段。演繹式（inductively arranged）則最后提出論點，論點還是結語的一個部分。這種寫法只是闡釋問題，不作分析，因此適合報告一類論文，甚至篇幅較長的報告。如：“評修改當代美國民主的建議”(“uate proposed modifications to contemporary American democracy”)。若要畢業(yè)論文有新意，有獨立的見解，應該用第三種寫法。提出論點要自然，避免機械生硬地提出論點，從而保持論文的完整性。有些可以用自己的話來該概括。一篇畢業(yè)論文的開頭和結尾部分，具有很強的影響力，不可等閑視之。:以兩句引語展開討論，這兩句精妙而帶煽動性的評論頗能激發(fā)讀者的興趣。（Question)：作者常常通過提出一個問題或一連串的問題，來吸引讀者的注意力。結語部分要讓讀者對論文的主要精神和內(nèi)容加深印象。以下是幾種常見的結語寫法。2）解答與建議（Solution/Remendation):這種方式適合評論與闡述有爭議問題的論文。運用這一方法，是從一個具體、特定的范圍擴展到一個更廣泛的范圍?？偨Y不是簡單的重復，而是歸納正文的內(nèi)容，具有較強的理論性。結語部分與引言同等重要，因為給讀者留下最后印象的是它。（Historical review）:有時，讀者在不了解相關是歷史背景的情況下不能立即抓住你探討的問題（Review of a controversy）:回顧過去的爭論或論爭，是歷史性回顧的一種特殊形式。引言沒有固定的程式，主要取決于論文的對象、論題和寫作的方法。引證時須表明出處，以免與你自己的話相混。為避免文章顯得臃腫，使行文更加流暢，應慎用省略號。在擬稿的過程中，一般要注意以下幾個問題： ，即在論文的引言部分提出論點，這是最常用的方法。這就要求作者提出充分的證據(jù)，并反駁反面意見。 第二種是在闡釋的同時也做出傾向性不太強的分析，如：“最近提出的修改美國民主的建議的意義何在？”(“In what ways are the recent proposals to modify American democracy significant?”)。用什么方式最合適，主要取決于論題和文章的目的，像“Modifications to American Democracy During the Next Twenty Years” 這樣一個題目，大致有三種寫法。論文的每一個段落都是通過提供支持中心論點的詳細資料來闡明中心論點的。論文主體部分是論證分析。粗略的提綱，應在繼續(xù)分析整理論據(jù)的過程中，不斷加以調(diào)整充實，事先確定的論點也可以做適當?shù)恼{(diào)整、變通。無論是采用演繹還是歸納的形式安排資料，都必須議論文的中心論點來貫穿全文。確定論題與題目之后，就要圍繞論文的中心論點去構思了。Internet為寫作畢業(yè)論文提供了極大的方便，但網(wǎng)上充斥著各種各樣的信息，須注意甄別是專家權威的東西還是業(yè)余愛好者的東西，在引進論文時還須說明是否是專家權威的觀點，并須注明出處，以免抄襲之嫌。查找、收集資料，必須熟悉掌握查閱資料的有關知識與方法。另外，每個領域都有各自的具體內(nèi)容和特點。論題指論文要論證的命題，而論文題目只是論題的概括。其中英語語言又包括語法、語音、詞匯和修辭等領域。完成一篇畢業(yè)論文，一般要經(jīng)過選擇方向（論題）、確定論文題目、收集資料、研究分析參考資料、整理論據(jù)、擬訂參考書目、擬訂論文提綱、構思、擬寫初稿、修改潤色、校對和定稿等步驟。畢業(yè)論文或學士論文是一種研究性論文（research paper）。 it is full of nice yearnings for a better future life. Jazz’s great changes are, in fact, the real reflection of the society. In the two decades, America has walked out the shadow of wars and develops very rapidly. Lorah Johns, a great American Jazz musician with Indian blood, describes the real situation of American society in the song Sunrise. Sunrises means hope, the repetitions of the word “sunrise” reveals a peaceful America. Being the strongest country and great country of immigration in the world, America attracts more and more immigrants to e. Of course, culture merging bees its peculiarity. So, America is called “melting pot”. And with the acceleration of technology, globalization and internationalization have bee the main trend of the whole world. The world is as small as a “globe village” in which countries can municate with each other closely. Multicultural development of American society brings about the fusion of Jazz with elements from other cultures, and makes it also bee multicultural and multilingual. II. Jazz, Another MeltingPot?In modern society, Jazz continues its multielemental development. This great development trend is indispensable to the globalization and integration of the world. The earth is like a global village in which people from different countries municate closely with each other. In addition, with the help of internet, Jazz has a faster way of transmission to every corner of the world. On the internet, people can easily grasp the latest news of foreign countries and download any information from all kinds of sources. Certainly, listening to Jazz of different styles is not a hard thing on internet. Besides, in modern society, technology bees more and more advanced, and plays an important role in the multielemental development of Jazz. With the promotion of advanced technology, Jazz is accepted and favored by more and more people, no matter what the styles, the instruments of performance or recording equipments are. Alth