【正文】 ultural differences between Chinese and English. The whole thesis is divided into five parts. The first part is an introduction. Based on the new belief that metaphor is a cultural and cognitive phenomenon, this part states the significance of studying metaphor from the cultural perspective. The second part focuses on the analysis of the close interrelations between language, culture and translation. The third part introduces some major factors about metaphor, such as its definitions, characteristics and classification. The fourth part emphatically illustrates the approaches to the translation of metaphor from English into Chinese in terms of different corresponding relations between Chinese and English. The last part summarizes the main points of this thesis.[Key Words] metaphor。 corresponding relation而縱觀這些研究成果，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，很少有對(duì)英語隱喻漢譯的研究，而且大多數(shù)傳統(tǒng)的理論家認(rèn)為隱喻僅僅是一種修辭格，屬于語言學(xué)的范疇。第一部分是導(dǎo)入。第四部分根據(jù)不同的英漢對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，著重闡述了英語隱喻的漢譯方法。 Over the past two decades, translation studies have assumed a sound momentum of advancement, and culture, as an indispensable factor in translation, bees increasingly important. Through thorough analysis, we can find that there are two tendencies in today’s development of translation studies: firstly, translation studies have been more and more integrated with munication theories。 Since translation involves two languages and two cultures, and in different cultural backgrounds, there are different languages. Both Chinese and English are great peoples with long history and rich cultural resources, and naturally colorful languages. Metaphor, as a category of language, is a mon linguistic phenomenon in both Chinese and English, but metaphors in these two different cultural backgrounds have great differences. 2. Culture and translation Culture Although culture is very plicated, we can roughly classify it into three categories in scope: (a) material culture which refers to all the products of manufacture。 In the view of most anthropologists, culture possesses the following features: (a) culture is socially acquired instead of biologically transmitted。 “The word ‘metaphor’ derives from the Greek word ‘metaphora’, which means ‘transference, carrying over’. It is a very mon figure of speech in English.”[12] Metaphor, whose basic constituents are tenor, vehicle and ground, uses words to indicate something different from their literal meaningone thing is described in terms of another so as to suggest a likeness or analogy between them. (a) A figure of speech containing an implied parison, in which a word or phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied to another. (Webster’s New World Dictionary)[13] an instance of this, a metaphorical expression. (Oxford English Dictionary, Second Edition, 2002) the application of a word or collocation to what it does not literally denote, ., to describe one thing in terms of another. All polysemous words (a ‘heavy’ heart) and most English phrasal verbs are potentially metaphorical. Metaphors may be ‘single’viz. one word——or ‘extended’ (a collocation, an idiom, a sentence, a proverb, an allegory, a plete imaginative text)”[16] (g)A figure of speech in which a term or phrase is applied to something to which it is not literally applicable in order to suggest a resemblance, as in “A mighty fortress in our God”. (Random House Compact Unabridged Dictionary, Special Second Edition, 1996)[18] the third points out that in metaphor, the tenor and the vehicle are related through their similarity in a particular way。 the last one is quite similar with the first one. But this thesis is mainly based on the view of George Lakeoff and Mark Johnson. “They claim in Metaphors We Live by, ‘…… metaphor is pervasive in everyday life, not just in language but in thought and action.’ They point out, ‘Our ordinary conceptual system, in terms of which we both think and act, is fundamentally metaphorical in nature.’”[19] This point of view is very consistent with ’ “metaphor is omnipresent principle of language” mentioned in Introduction. Characteristics of metaphor the other is the extent to which these can, or cannot, be reproduced nonanomalously in target language, depending on the degree of “overlap” in each particular case. Let’s look at an example: “Both Nida and Newmark classify linguistic culture into five categories:(a) ecology (b) material culture (c) social culture (d) religious culture (e) linguistic culture.”[22] It clearly tells us that: cultural information carried by all kinds of languages is certain to be different, because the ecology, material, social and religious environment which different nations own are impossible to be identical. The cultural differences directly influence the thinking mode and value orientation of human being, thus bee the main reason for the differences of metaphorical concepts of the two nations. Through researches on metaphors, we can find the cultural differences between Chinese and English. and the English idiom “carry coals to Newcastle” (近乎做徒勞無功的事) arises from the background that Newcastle is an industrial city in England’s northeast, famous for coal exportation.[24] Secondly, metaphors reflect traditional culture and values. People in different nations have different ways of life, thinking, culture and mentalities. As shown above, metaphor and culture have close relations. Through metaphor, people can well understand the objective world. And metaphor, to some extent, reflects and determines the shaping of a nation’s culture and values. It is because that when people make metaphors on certain images, their views of culture and values must be manifested in these metaphors consciously or unconsciously. For example, in Chinese culture the pine, the bamboo and the plum are called three gentlemen in winter. Because the three of them can survive the extremely cold winter and remain vital. For Chinese, they represent a noble spirit. While in English