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?。? has changed ?! ?A 1D 1C C 二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換?! ?have/has gone to + 地點(diǎn)表示某人去了某地(還未回來),指主語(yǔ)所指的人不在這兒。故9的正確答案為B。故6應(yīng)選C。 C 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與recently(近來),so far(到目前為止),in the past/last + 一段時(shí)間等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 (5) It’s [will be] the first time that…(第一次…): It’s the first time I’ve e here. 這是我第一次來這兒?! have been here (for) the last [past] month. 最近一個(gè)月里我都在這兒。(指從星期二至昨天未吃東西) ?、?表示時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度時(shí),通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在完成時(shí): It’s ten years since he left here. 他離開這兒已10年了。在這種情況下,應(yīng)該用It has been … ;since…的句式來表達(dá)。 B. 在以when提問的特殊疑問中不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。例如:Tom is being a good boy today .湯姆今天很乖。) 2)在含有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句或條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中,如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般將來時(shí),那么從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就只能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來表示將來時(shí);如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過去將來時(shí),那么從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就只能用一般過去時(shí)來表示過去將來時(shí)。) He spoke English when he was in New Zealand .(一般過去時(shí),說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間?! he has read 150 pages today .她今天已看了150頁(yè)。其實(shí)不然,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要表示,發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在剛剛完成、或許還要延續(xù);側(cè)重于這個(gè)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在帶來的結(jié)果、產(chǎn)生的影響、積累的總和等等。初中語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,或從過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。而一般過去時(shí)則只不過是表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去的什么時(shí)候?! ?)表示發(fā)生在過去而對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響、帶來結(jié)果的動(dòng)作 Have you had your dinner? 你吃晚飯了嗎? 3)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并可能還要延續(xù) It has been five years since he joined the army .他參軍五年了。) He is speaking English.(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),說明動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行?! ±纾篒 will not play tennis if it rains tomorrow. I would not play tennis if it rained the next day. 3) 有些動(dòng)詞表示無(wú)法持續(xù)的動(dòng)作,它們一般不宜用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中。He is being childish .他這樣做是耍孩子氣。另外,ago不能用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子里,因?yàn)樗硎緩默F(xiàn)在算起的以前某個(gè)時(shí)間,屬于表示具體過去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。如: He has joined the army for five years. (錯(cuò)誤) It has been five years since he joined the army.(正確) 能與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用詞語(yǔ)很多,如副詞just, already, yet, before, ever, recently 等,但下面是一些典型而且重要的例子: (1) since(自從):不管用作介詞、連詞還是副詞, 句子(主句)謂語(yǔ)通常都用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):I haven’t seen her since last week. 自上周以來我一直未見過她