【正文】 been set up, some of which have produced annual volumes devoted entirely to her for many years. Jane Austen39。簡奧斯汀的《愛瑪》塑造了一系列女性人物，她們有自己的性格特色、背景以及生活狀態(tài)，在小說中起到不同的作用。s various values ??such as wealth, friendship and love, and uses concrete examples to demonstrate them. The formation of such values ??must have various causes, so in the third part of this thesis three social causes are analyzed, and I also bine these causes with the economic background at that time. Lastly, this thesis briefly narrates the reference significance of Emma to the development of modern women. What’s more, I also put forward my general ideas and thoughts on feminism and the growth of modern women.Keyword: Emma, Feminism, Views of value, Views of marriage, Social Causes中文摘要《愛瑪》或許不是奧斯丁小說中最受歡迎的一部，但卻是風(fēng)格最成熟、結(jié)構(gòu)最完整的一部。在這部小說中，無論是作者對現(xiàn)實的理解、對生活的思索，還是小說所運用的技巧，均比早期作品更為深刻、嫻熟、恰到好處。其中當(dāng)然以女主人公愛瑪?shù)娜宋镄蜗笞顬橥怀?，也是奧斯汀所塑造的女性形象中頗具代表性的一個。s Emma is very popular with the readers at home and abroad. It is claimed to be quite different from other novels, because the heroine is imperfect. Jane Austen herself even worries that Emma is a heroine whom no one but herself will much like. But the fact is that most readers and critics have given their sympathy and love to this heroine. David Lodge claimed in his introduction to Emma that it is the last pletely finished product of Austen39。 biographies. After careful reading and thinking, I find although Emma39。s welfare can achieve fulfillment. She also believes that women need to take optimistic and trustworthy attitude to social life. Females should take an energetic part in social activities, and ought to bear in mind that they not only play the role of wife and mother, but also an indispensable portion of society.
Emma can be a typical example of who takes portion in social life lively. Emma39。ve not any meat to eat. Having observed Jane39。s dinner invitation。s novels, there is typically a mature, wise and excellent hero, who plays a crucial role in the fictional development. He will lead the heroine to moral perfection and finally lives a happy life with the heroine. Lacking discipline at an early age, Emma has long been keen to get fatherlike love and guidance. So Austen produces a smart mature guy, George Knightley. Mr. Knightley is definitely a critical character in Emma39。s thoughts and behavior. The relationship between Emma and Mr. Knightley, which can be vague and special, is distinct from the relationship between Emma, her father and Mrs. Weston. His concern for Emma39。s error, no matter how huge the error is. For example, he argues with Emma when he knows Emma teaches Harriet to refuses Mr. Martin39。 however, these criticisms are harsh words. We39。s eyes. It is a marriage not only with deep love but also with a large fortune as financial guarantee, and more importantly, it is based on equality rather than the subjection of the wife to her husband. Other marriages in the novel are imperfect, because they more or less depend on materialism and inequality, and by no means are ideal matches.For example, the match of Jane Fairfax and Frank Churchill is not based on equality. Jane suffers greatly from Frank39。s response to the engagement of Jane Fairfax and Frank ChurchillJane will be a miserable creature and I am sorry for her. She deserves a better fate. Compared with Jane, Harriet Smith is not as glamorous. The lady is a humble, boarding school girl with no property and she even does not know who her parents are. She is gentle, beautiful but ignorant. Under Emma39。 employment I do not want。 on the other hand, it can help people to understand the present adolescent development better. Nowadays, although in most cases women share the same rights with men, there still exists unfair treatment to women. After reading Emma, people can learn。s daily life, whose social status is consistent with Austen. She looks at marriage and life in a practical and realistic point of view and speaks out her views of life in a realistic voice. Her close and fortable life and her easytosatisfy personality does not generate her desire to have lifechanging, and thus she measures the people around her according to her own values and aesthetic view consciously or unconsciously. As a result, in her novels, only those who have a certain property, elegant taste and wisdom like her were only her intellectual appreciation of the heroine, and their marriage partners are in harmony with their inner world and outer world. Their marriage is what she wants to praise.In the novel, Emma meets Austen’s requirements, a rich, wise and beautiful young girl. Emma was born in the top family of the village Highbury and so has a very high social status. She has access to good education as well as material care. Emma takes part in the social activities actively, always seen as the leader of the Highbury society and admired by many people. However, due to this kind of environment, Emma has her shortings. Thanks to Mr. Knightley and Mrs. Weston, she often takes selfexamination to reach moral perfection. Influences of Feminism at That TimeEmma was published in 1815, a time when feminism was still on its preliminary stage.According to wikipedia, Feminism is “a diverse collection of social theories, political movements, and moral philosophies, largely motivated by or concerning the experiences of women, especially in terms of their social, political and economic situation.” Here in Emma, it is focused on the moral philosophies of feminism.Jane Austen is not a feminist in the strict sense of the term, but she is an active defender of females and positively appreciates women’s struggling to gain power. Speaking from the aspect of moral philosophies of feminism, Austen’s feminist thoughts center on the heroine in EmmaFirst, Emma uses her knowledge to use power, to have everybody around, and to control her social surroundings. Besides, Emma actively takes part in all of the activities in Highbury. What’s more, Auste