高中英語語法句子結構(已修改)
2025-10-08 17:23 本頁面
【正文】 第一篇：高中英語語法句子結構英語語法——句子結構在句子中，詞與詞之間有一定的組合關系，按照不同的關系，可以把句子分為不同的組成成分。句子成分由詞或詞組充當。英語的基本成分有六種：主語（subject）、謂語（predicate）、表語（predicative）、賓語（object）、定語（attribute）和狀語(adverbial)。英語句子的基本結構可以歸納成五種基本句型及其擴大、組合、省略或倒裝。掌握這五種基本句型，是掌握各種英語句子結構的基礎。英語五種基本句型列式如下：一： Ｓ Ｖ（主＋謂）二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ（主＋系＋表）三： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ（主＋謂＋賓）四： Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ（主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓）五： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ（主＋謂＋賓＋賓補）主+謂(主）+ Vi（不及物動詞）（謂）Time )S + V + adverbial(狀語）Birds sing )S + Vi+ prep Phrase（介詞短語）He went on )S + Vi+ Infinitive(不定式）We stopped to have a )S + Vi+ Participle(分詞）I39。ll go +謂+賓1)S + Vt + N/PronI like like )S + Vt + to do(不定式）I want to help ：attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等。3)S + Vt + doing I enjoy living ：admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practice, risk, suggest, give up, can39。t help等。4)S + Vt + That從句I don39。t think(that)he is ：Admit, believe, doubt, expect, explain, feel...主+系+表S(主）+ V（謂）（lv)(系動詞）+ P（表）We are 系動詞外，還有一些動詞也可以用作系動詞，1)表感官的動詞，feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。2)表轉變變化的動詞，bee, get, grow, turn, go,等。3)表延續(xù)的動詞 remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等。4)表瞬時的動詞 e, fall, set, cut, occur等 5)其他動詞 eat, lie, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue, hang等。1)S + Lv + N/Pron(名詞/代詞）He is a is )S + Lv + Adj（形容詞）She is )S + Lv + Adv(副詞）Class is )S + Lv + Prep Phrase He is in good )S + Lv + Participle(分詞）He is film is +謂+間賓+直賓S(主）+ VT（謂）+ Oi（間接 賓）+ Od（直接賓）I give you )S + Vt + N/Pron + N I sent him a bought May a ：S + Vt + N/Pron + To/forphrase He sent a book to bought a coat for )S + Vt + N/Pron + ThatclauseHe told me that the film was ：assure, inform, promise, remind, teach, tell, warn等。3)S + Vt + N/Pron + WhClause He asked me what he should ：Advise, ask, inform, show, teach, +謂+賓+賓補S(主）+ Vt（謂）+ O（賓）+ C（賓補）I make you )S + Vt + N/Pron + N We named our baby ：appoint, call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate(命名）。2)S + Vt + N/Pron + Adj He painted the wall ：beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn, want, wash, wipe, wish等。3)S + Vt + N/Pron + Prep Phrase She always keeps everything in good )S + Vt+ N/Pron + to do I wish you to made him work 常用于這句型的動詞有：5)S + Vt + N/Pron + Participle(分詞）I heard my name feel something )S + Vt + N/Pron + Whword + Infinitive(不定式）He show me how to do ：advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等。句子的擴展 常用的英語句子除了基本句型的成分不變通常是在這些成分的前面或后面增加一些修飾語（modifier）而加以
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