【正文】 摘 要虛擬儀器是在計(jì)算機(jī)基礎(chǔ)上通過增加相關(guān)硬件和軟件構(gòu)建而成的、具有可視化界面的儀器，它融合了測(cè)試?yán)碚摗x器原理和技術(shù)、計(jì)算機(jī)接口技術(shù)、高速總線技術(shù)以及圖形軟件編程技術(shù)等于一體，利用計(jì)算機(jī)強(qiáng)大的數(shù)字的處理能力來實(shí)現(xiàn)儀器的諸多功能，打破了傳統(tǒng)儀器的框架，形成了一種新的儀器模式。本文首先闡述了測(cè)控技術(shù)和虛擬儀器技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀及以后的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，探討了虛擬儀器的相關(guān)技術(shù)、LabVIEW 的相關(guān)知識(shí)，然后闡述了有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)采集的理論，給出了數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)的框圖和硬件結(jié)構(gòu)圖。在分析本設(shè)計(jì)功能的基礎(chǔ)上，介紹了程序模塊化設(shè)計(jì)、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)相關(guān)知識(shí)、LabVIEW 的多線程等技術(shù)，最后給出了設(shè)計(jì)的前面板及程序框圖。本設(shè)計(jì)采用了 NIPXI 6281 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡，利用虛擬儀器及其相關(guān)技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)了多通道數(shù)據(jù)采集。該系統(tǒng)具有多路采集、實(shí)時(shí)顯示、存儲(chǔ)管理與密碼保護(hù)等功能。關(guān)鍵詞：虛擬儀器；數(shù)據(jù)采集；MySQL；LabVIEWAbstractVirtual instrument is based on puter related hardware and software by increasing the building made with a visual interface of the instrument, which bines the test theory, theory and technology equipment, puter interface technology, highspeed bus technology and graphics software programming technology is equal to one, the use of powerful digital puter processing power to achieve the instrument39。s many features, breaking the traditional instruments of the framework, the formation of a new instrument model. This paper describes the measurement and control technology and virtual instrument technology status and future development trend of related technology of virtual instrument, LabVIEW related knowledge, and then expounded on the theory of data acquisition, data acquisition system is given and the hardware block diagram structure. In the analysis of the design features, based on the procedures introduced modular design, databaserelated knowledge, LabVIEW multithreading technology, given the design front panel and block diagram. This design uses a virtual NIPXI 6281 data acquisition card, the use of virtual instruments and related technology to achieve a multichannel data acquisition. The system has multichannel acquisition, display, storage management and password protection.Keywords: Virtual Instrument, DAQ, MySQL, LabVIEW 目 錄摘 要 .............................................................................................................................IABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................II第 1 章 緒論 ..................................................................................................................1 課題來源及研究的目的和意義 .........................................................................1 國(guó)內(nèi)外在該方向的研究現(xiàn)狀及分析 .................................................................2 測(cè)控技術(shù)的國(guó)內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀 ..............................................................................2 虛擬儀器的國(guó)內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀 ..............................................................................3 本設(shè)計(jì)所做的工作 .............................................................................................5第 2 章 虛擬儀器 ..........................................................................................................6 虛擬儀器的相關(guān)技術(shù) .........................................................................................6 虛擬儀器的概念 ..........................................................................................6 虛擬儀器的特點(diǎn)及優(yōu)勢(shì) ..............................................................................6 虛擬儀器和傳統(tǒng)儀器的比較 ......................................................................7 虛擬儀器的硬件技術(shù) ..................................................................................9 虛擬儀器的軟件技術(shù) ................................................................................11 虛擬儀器測(cè)試系統(tǒng)的組成 ........................................................................12 虛擬儀器的開發(fā)軟件 .......................................................................................13 虛擬儀器的開發(fā)語言 ................................................................................13 圖形化虛擬儀器開發(fā)平臺(tái)—— LabVIEW ...............................................13 本章小結(jié) ...........................................................................................................15第 3 章 數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)的總體方案設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................................16 數(shù)據(jù)采集的相關(guān)介紹 .......................................................................................16 數(shù)據(jù)采集的基本任務(wù) ................................................................................16 數(shù)據(jù)采采集的相關(guān)技術(shù) ............................................................................16 輸入信號(hào)的類型 ........................................................................................17 輸入信號(hào)的連接方式 ................................................................................18 測(cè)量系統(tǒng)的分類 ........................................................................................18 測(cè)量系統(tǒng)的選擇 ........................................................................................20 采集系統(tǒng)的一般組成及各部分功能描述 ................................................21 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡的選擇 ...........................................................................................22 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡的主要性能指標(biāo) ....................................................................22 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡(DAQ 卡)的組成 ....................................................................23 PXI6281 .....................................................................................................23 本章小結(jié) ...........................................................................................................24第 4 章 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì)的相關(guān)技術(shù) ............................................................................25 程序模塊化設(shè)計(jì)概述 .......................................................................................25 程序設(shè)計(jì)的模塊化原則 ............................................................................25 軟件系統(tǒng)的模塊化設(shè)計(jì)原則 ....................................................................26 本設(shè)計(jì)中的模塊化設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................27 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)技術(shù) .......................................................................................................28 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)技術(shù)概述 ........................................................................................28 與數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的交互技術(shù) ........................................................................29 MySQL 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)