【正文】 I廢潤滑油回收工藝的研究摘 要石油是當(dāng)今世界重要的戰(zhàn)略資源，而從石油中生產(chǎn)潤滑油產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)率很低。因此對廢潤滑油的再生研究是尤為重要的，對廢潤滑油進(jìn)行處理，達(dá)到對廢油的改造，使處理過的油與潤滑油原油的性質(zhì)基本相近，從而實現(xiàn)對其的回收再利用。實驗采用不同溫度的加熱、白土吸附處理和抽濾的方法，將廢潤滑油進(jìn)行處理，即先低溫加熱除水，經(jīng)過靜置后高溫加熱還原，除去更多雜質(zhì)，最后進(jìn)行白土吸附抽濾，最終使廢潤滑油的性狀得到極大改善，與正常潤滑油的理化性質(zhì)基本相同，可以重新投入使用。實驗最終選出各步驟的最佳處理溫度和最佳處理時間，即先在 120℃太加熱2 小時除去水分和輕組分，之后冷卻靜置使部分雜質(zhì)沉淀，然后在 300℃條件下加熱 2 小時，除去更多污染潤滑油的雜質(zhì)，使廢舊潤滑油的性狀得到極大改善，最后利用白土吸附抽濾廢舊潤滑油中的剩余部分難分離的雜質(zhì)，從而使廢潤滑油的性狀與潤滑油原油基本相同，最終的回收率可達(dá)到 %，達(dá)到廢潤滑油的回收再利用的目的。實驗既省去了傳統(tǒng)回收方法中一些比較復(fù)雜的步驟，工藝簡單實用，安全可靠，又盡量不影響回收的油的質(zhì)量，進(jìn)而減少處理過程中產(chǎn)生的二次污染，降低了處理回收的成本。II關(guān)鍵詞：廢潤滑油。加熱。吸附。回收。再生IIIAbstractNowadays,oil is an important strategic resource in the world, and production rate of lubricants from oil is very low. Therefore, the study for regeneration of used lube oil is particularly important, the transformation of waste oil is achieve by disposing of used lube oil, so that the properties of processed oil is similar to that of crude oil , to achieve its recycling. The used lube oil is disposed by using different heating temperatures, filtration and adsorption of clay, processing used lube oil, that is, first heating in lowtemperature to remove water, then heating in hightemperatures to restore, to remove more impurities after standing, finally leaching adsorption to clay, eventually made the performance of used lube oil has been improved greatly, and its physical and chemical properties is similar to normal oil, to reuse.Experiment finally selected the best temperature and best time to deal with step, that is first heated 2 hours at 120 ℃ to remove water and light ponents, then, cooling and standing to make some impurtties precipitated, and then under the conditions of 300 ℃ heating 2 hours to remove more impurities which pullute lubricants, made the characters of used lube oil has been improved greatly, and finally use adsorption of clay filtering the remaider of impurities,which is difficult to separat from used lube oil, so that made the characters of used lubricants basically the same as crude oil, the rate of recovery reachs % , to achieve the purpose of recycling.some of the more plex steps in the traditional expermental methods of IVrecycling are eliminated in the experimental, the process is simple, practical, safe and reliable, and as far as possible doesn’t affect the quality of the recovery oil, there by reducing the secondary pollution of the process,and the cost of recovery.Key words: Used lube oil；Heating；Adsorption；Recovery；Regenerationi目錄前言 ...................................................................................................................................11 文獻(xiàn)綜述 ........................................................................................................................4 潤滑油 .....................................................................................................................6 潤滑油的組成 ..................................................................................................6 潤滑油的基本性能 ..........................................................................................7 潤滑油的作用 ..................................................................................................9 潤滑油的特殊理化性能 ..................................................................................9 廢潤滑油的回收再利用的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 ...................................................................10 國內(nèi)廢潤滑油再生利用發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 ................................................................11 國外廢潤滑油再生利用發(fā)展?fàn)顩r ................................................................13 廢潤滑油回收處理再生技術(shù)工藝 .......................................................................16 廢潤滑油的再凈化工藝（物理方法為主） ................................................16 廢潤滑油的再精制工藝（化學(xué)方法為主） ................................................17 廢潤滑油處理再生的前景展望 ...........................................................................202 實驗部分 ......................................................................................................................23 引言 .......................................................................................................................23 實驗部分 ...............................................................................................................23 實驗儀器 ........................................................................................................23 原料與藥品 ....................................................................................................23 實驗原理 ...............................................................................................................24ii 實驗工藝方法 .......................................................................................................24 實驗步驟及現(xiàn)象 ...................................................................................................25 實驗裝置及其流程圖 ...........................................................................................27 實驗裝置圖 ....................................................................................................27 實驗流程圖 ....................................................................................................283 結(jié)果與討論 .......................