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畢業(yè)論文-x5032銑床主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)改造說(shuō)明書(已修改)

2025-06-19 20:12 本頁(yè)面
 

【正文】 河南理工大學(xué)萬(wàn)方科技學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文 I 摘 要 數(shù)字控制是近代發(fā)展起來(lái)的一種 自動(dòng) 化控制技術(shù)是用數(shù)字化信號(hào)對(duì)機(jī)床 運(yùn)動(dòng)極其 加工 過(guò)程進(jìn)行控制的一種方法 ,5 重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。本論文是關(guān)于數(shù)控銑床主軸傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì),首先是數(shù)控銑床的介紹和數(shù)控銑床主傳動(dòng)主軸箱設(shè)計(jì)的要求,配置以及主要的設(shè)計(jì)思想要求。再初選數(shù)控銑床的主電機(jī),由于本設(shè)計(jì)是數(shù)控銑床,根據(jù)所設(shè)計(jì)的銑削最大工件的銑削力要求,以及各軸要求的轉(zhuǎn)速確定電機(jī)的功率,整個(gè)傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)采用無(wú)級(jí)調(diào)速,電機(jī)的選取必須為變頻系列。電動(dòng)機(jī)與主軸箱之間采用帶傳動(dòng),根據(jù)本設(shè)計(jì)電動(dòng)機(jī)的傳動(dòng)速率以及它與主軸箱之間的傳動(dòng)比,確定出大、小帶輪的直徑,V 帶的型號(hào),大小帶輪的中心距,同時(shí)驗(yàn)算大、小帶輪 ,最后確定 V 帶的根數(shù)。在分級(jí)變速箱的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中,根據(jù)主軸箱內(nèi)各軸之間傳動(dòng)比,確定各軸的最小直徑,以及每個(gè)軸上各組嚙合齒輪的尺寸。本論文最后一章是數(shù)控銑床主軸部分的設(shè)計(jì)以及對(duì)主軸的校核。通過(guò)本設(shè)計(jì)可以一般對(duì)數(shù)控銑床的主軸傳動(dòng)部分有一個(gè)深刻的了解。 關(guān)鍵詞: 數(shù)控銑床 主軸進(jìn)給 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì) 主軸箱 河南理工大學(xué)萬(wàn)方科技學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文 II Abstract Modern digital control is the development of an automated control technology. It is one of the ways used for digital signal processing machine movement the rapid development of science and technology, numerical control machine tools has already been a national level the important machinery industry standards. In this paper, CNC milling machine is on the main drive system design, the first is the introduction of CNC milling machine and CNC milling machine main drive spindle box design requirements, configuration and design of the main requirements. CNC milling machine primaries to the main motor, as the design is CNC milling machine, according to the designed milling largest part of the milling force requirements, as well as the requirements of the axis determined speed motor power, the entire transmission system used stepless speed regulation, The selection must be a motor inverter series. Headstock between the motor and a belt drive, according to the design of the motor and the transmission rate and its spindle box between the transmission ratio, identified large and small diameter of the pulley, V with the model, size pulley from the centre, At the same time checking large and small pulley, the final determination of the Vbelt numbers. Grading the gearbox in the design process, according to box on the spindle axis between the transmission ratio to determine the minimum diameter of the shaft, and each axis each group meshing gear size. This paper is the final chapter of CNC milling machine spindle part of the design and verification of the spindle. Through the design of the CNC milling machine can generally drive the main part of a profound understanding. Key words: CNC milling machine。 spindle feed。 mechanical design。 headstock. 河南理工大學(xué)萬(wàn)方科技學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文 I 目 錄 前 言 ...................................................... 1 1 緒 論 ................................................... 4 數(shù)控機(jī)床簡(jiǎn)介 ........................................ 4 數(shù)控機(jī)床的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展 ........................ 4 數(shù)控機(jī)床的特點(diǎn) ............................... 7 數(shù)控機(jī)床的工作原理和組成 ............................ 8 數(shù)控機(jī)床的工作原理 ........................... 8 數(shù)控機(jī)床的組成 ............................... 8 數(shù)控機(jī)床的分類 ..................................... 10 數(shù)控技術(shù)的發(fā)展方向 ................................. 11 2 主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) .......................................... 14 主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)概述 ................................. 14 數(shù)控銑床主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的配置方式 ...................... 16 主軸傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)思想 ............................. 17 精度 ......................................... 17 剛度 ......................................... 19 3 主軸電動(dòng)機(jī)的選取 ........................................ 20 采用交流電動(dòng)機(jī)無(wú)級(jí)調(diào)速 ............................. 20 初選主軸電動(dòng)機(jī)(交流調(diào)速電動(dòng)機(jī))的功率: .......... 20 銑削力的計(jì)算 ....................................... 21 初選交流調(diào)速主軸電動(dòng)機(jī)的功率 ...................... 23 機(jī)床計(jì)算轉(zhuǎn)速 nj 的確定 .............................. 23 變速箱的傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)及主軸電動(dòng)機(jī)的功率功率的確定 .. 23 4 帶傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算 ........................................ 26 河南理工大學(xué)萬(wàn)方科技學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文 II 選擇 V 帶型號(hào) ....................................... 26 確定帶輪的計(jì)算直徑 ................................. 27 確定 V 帶速度 ....................................... 28 初定中心距 ......................................... 28 確定 V 帶的計(jì)算長(zhǎng)度和內(nèi)周長(zhǎng)度 ...................... 28 確定實(shí)際中心距 ..................................... 28 驗(yàn)算帶輪包角 ....................................... 29 確定 V 帶根數(shù) ....................................... 29 5 分級(jí)變速箱的設(shè)計(jì) ........................................ 31 變速機(jī)構(gòu)的調(diào)速范圍的確定 ........................... 31 各軸及齒輪計(jì)算轉(zhuǎn)速的確定 ........................... 33 各軸的計(jì)算轉(zhuǎn)速 ............................... 34 各軸上齒輪的計(jì)算轉(zhuǎn)速 ........................ 35 各齒輪副模數(shù)計(jì)算 ................................... 35 各軸間中心距的計(jì)算 ................................. 36 確定各軸最小直徑 ................................... 36 齒輪結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)(此謹(jǐn)僅以每軸上一個(gè)齒輪為例進(jìn)行計(jì)算) ......................................................... 37 主軸齒輪的設(shè)計(jì): ............................ 37 軸 I 上的齒輪設(shè)計(jì)尺寸如下: .................. 38 軸 II 上的齒輪設(shè)計(jì)尺寸如下: ................. 40 軸 I 和軸 II 軸軸承的選擇 ............................ 40 6 主軸及其組件的設(shè)計(jì) ...................................... 42 主軸組件的基本要求 ................................. 42 旋轉(zhuǎn)精度 ..................................... 42 河南理工大學(xué)萬(wàn)方科技學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文 III 剛度 ......................................... 42 抗振性 ....................................... 43 溫升和熱變形 ................................. 43 精度保持件 ................................... 44 主軸的構(gòu)造 ......................................... 44 主軸的材料和熱處理 ................................. 44 主軸部件的傳動(dòng)方式及布置型式 ...................... 45 傳動(dòng)方式 ..................................... 45 傳動(dòng)件位置的合理布置 ........................ 46 主軸部件軸承的配置 ................................. 46 主軸主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的確定 ............................. 48 主軸的技術(shù)要求 ..................................... 49 主軸組件校核 ....................................... 51 主軸最大扭矩 ................................. 51 主軸的剛度計(jì)算 ............................... 54
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