【正文】 I 330噸 /年紅霉素 生產(chǎn)工廠 的初步設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 本設(shè)計(jì)是為 330 噸 /年紅霉素生產(chǎn)工廠而進(jìn)行的初步工藝設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)大綱和設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)要求該設(shè)計(jì)分別對(duì)各工藝作了詳細(xì)闡述，以理論計(jì)算為依據(jù)，以實(shí)際工廠設(shè)計(jì)為參考，力求接近并切合實(shí)際。其主要包括生產(chǎn)工藝的各種指標(biāo)、設(shè)備選形設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算、物料衡算、水、電、汽的估算以及工藝流程圖的設(shè)計(jì)。整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程在保證達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求和實(shí)際需要的前提下力求環(huán)保節(jié)能，從而能夠獲得更好的收益，降低對(duì)環(huán)境的影響，減少對(duì)環(huán)境的壓力。最終理論計(jì)算結(jié)果在總收率 65%的前提下，在發(fā)酵工段檢測(cè)紅霉素含量 14000 U/mL，成品單位為 720 U/mg，最終確定選用發(fā)酵罐體積為 100 m3（ 8 個(gè)），一級(jí)種子發(fā)酵罐 m3（ 4 個(gè)），二級(jí)種子發(fā)酵罐 4 m3（ 4 個(gè)）， 三級(jí)種子罐 32 m3（ 4 個(gè)）。提取工段總收率為 70%，選取板框壓濾機(jī) 6 個(gè)，溶媒萃取池 3 個(gè)，三足式離心機(jī) 6 個(gè)。 符合設(shè)計(jì)的基本要求，同時(shí)滿足國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。該設(shè)計(jì)成果主要采用形式為發(fā)酵車(chē)間平面布置圖（ 1 張），發(fā)酵工藝流程圖（ 1 張），發(fā)酵車(chē)間設(shè)備布置立面圖（ 1 張），提取車(chē)間設(shè)備布置圖（ 1 張）和發(fā)酵罐的三視圖（ 1 張）并編寫(xiě)詳細(xì)數(shù)據(jù)說(shuō)明書(shū)。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 紅霉素；工藝流 程；設(shè)計(jì) II An Initial Technological Design for 330 t/a Erythromycin Factory Mao Hailong Biology Engineering 0801, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, LiaoNing Shihua University, 113001, Fushun Abstract This subject is an initial technological design for Erythromycin with year output of 330 ton. According to the requirement, the process of erythromycin production and the calculation of the mass balance and heat quantity balance are pleted. In this subject, all of them processes are expounded in detail. All the contents are based on the academic calculations. We refer to the practical designs in panies and make our best to approach to the practice. it mainly includes the production craft each kind of target, the equipment chooses the shape design calculation, material of the graduated arm of a steelyard calculation, the water, the electricity, the steam estimate as well as the flow chart design. The entire design process strives to guarantee the achievement of the design requirements and the actual also notice the environmental protection and energy conservation, which can bring a better ine, reduce the diverse impact on the environment, and reduce the pressure on the environment. Under the condition of the final erythromycin39。s calculation 65%, the content of erythromycin fermentation broth is 14000 U/ content of the end erythromycin product is 720μ/ final selection of fermenter39。s volume is 100 m3. We need eight fermenters, four m3 First seed fermenters, four 4 m3 Second seed fermenters, four 32 m3 Third seed fermenters . The yield coefficient of Extraction process is 70%. Finally, we chose 6 Plate and frame filter presses, 3 Solvent extraction pools and 6 Centrifuge. All in all ,the designation meets the III normal requirements and meet the national standards . In the end ,there is a Fermentation floorplan (1), Flow chat (1), Fermentation process equipment general arrangement (1), Extraction process equipment general arrangement (1), Fermenter orthographic views (1) and pilation particular data instruction booklet. Key word: Erythromycin。 Process。 Design 1 目錄 ..................................................................................................................................2 紅霉素的理化性質(zhì) ...............................................................................................2 國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀 .......................................................................................................2 紅霉素銷(xiāo)售狀況 ...................................................................................................2 紅霉素生產(chǎn)的改善 ................................................................................................2 紅霉素生產(chǎn)過(guò)程的控制技術(shù) ...............................................................................4 紅霉素提取脫色方面的研究 ...............................................................................6 紅霉素生產(chǎn)過(guò)程相關(guān)的設(shè)備 ...............................................................................6 ..................................................................................................8 工藝原則 ...............................................................................................................8 工藝流程的確定 ...................................................................................................8 ........................................................................................................................10 設(shè)計(jì)指標(biāo)及主要物性參數(shù) ..................................................................................10 發(fā)酵工段工藝計(jì)算 .............................................................................................13 無(wú)菌空氣處理 ......................................................................................................36 提取工段工藝計(jì)算 ..............................................................................................37 三廢的處理 ..........................................................................................................39 ............................................................................................................41 工廠總平面布置設(shè) 計(jì)原則 ..................................................................................41 車(chē)間布置設(shè)計(jì)原則 ..............................................................................................41 ................................................................................................................................43 ........................................................................................................................44 致 謝 ...............................................................................................................................46 2 紅霉素的理化性質(zhì) 紅霉素 (Erythromycin， Er)為十四元大環(huán)內(nèi)酯類(lèi)抗生素，是紅色糖多孢菌(Saccharopolyspora erythraea)的次級(jí)代謝產(chǎn)物，包括 ErAErF，其中 ErA的抑菌活性最高。紅霉素具有廣譜抗菌作用，它的抗菌譜和青霉素 G相似，特別對(duì)革蘭氏陽(yáng)性細(xì)菌、大病毒、抗酸桿菌及立克次氏體有抗菌活性，是治療由溶血性鏈球菌感染和耐藥性金黃色葡萄球菌感染所引起疾病的首選藥物。近幾年紅霉素衍生物的興起，大大刺激了母體紅霉素的需求 [1]。 國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀 我國(guó)紅霉素發(fā)酵水平屬低水平重復(fù)操作，與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家相比差距較大。目前國(guó)外發(fā)酵單位已達(dá) 8 00012 000 μg /ml，而國(guó)內(nèi)大多企業(yè)紅霉素發(fā)酵水平卻一直在 4 0005 000μg /ml[1]。 紅霉素銷(xiāo)售狀況 近年來(lái)，通過(guò)對(duì)紅霉素結(jié)構(gòu)改造半合成了許多抗炎性藥物，同時(shí)，以紅霉素合成酶基因?yàn)榛A(chǔ)的組合生物合成方法可以合成成千上萬(wàn)種新的聚酮結(jié)構(gòu)，為合成新藥提供了新方法。隨第二代紅霉素 (如阿奇霉素、羅紅霉素、克拉霉素等 )、第三代紅霉素 (如泰利霉素 )在日本和歐洲上市，國(guó)內(nèi)外市場(chǎng)對(duì)紅霉素的 需求大大增加。加