motivationandhistory(已修改)
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【正文】 Copyright 169。 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Parallel Programming in C with MPI and OpenMP Michael J. Quinn Copyright 169。 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Chapter 1 Motivation and History Copyright 169。 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Outline ? Motivation ? Modern scientific method ? Evolution of superputing ? Modern parallel puters ? Seeking concurrency ? Data clustering case study ? Programming parallel puters Copyright 169。 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Why Faster Computers? ? Solve puteintensive problems faster ? Make infeasible problems feasible ? Reduce design time ? Solve larger problems in same amount of time ?Improve answer’s precision ? Reduce design time ? Gain petitive advantage Copyright 169。 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Definitions ? Parallel puting ? Using parallel puter to solve single problems faster ? Parallel puter ? Multipleprocessor system supporting parallel programming ? Parallel programming ? Programming in a language that supports concurrency explicitly Copyright 169。 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Why MPI? ? MPI = “Message Passing Interface” ? Standard specification for messagepassing libraries ? Libraries available on virtually all parallel puters ? Free libraries also available for works of workstations or modity clusters Copyright 169。 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Why OpenMP? ? OpenMP an application programming interface (API) for sharedmemory systems ? Supports higher performance parallel programming of symmetrical multiprocessors Copyright 169。 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Classical Science Nature Observation Theory Physical Experimentation Copyright 169。 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Modern Scientific Method Nature Observation Theory Physical Experimentation Numerical Simulation Copyright 169。 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Evolution of Superputing ? World War II ? Handputed artillery tables ? Need to speed putations ? ENIAC ? Cold War ? Nuclear weapon design ? Intelligence gathering ? Codebreaking Copyright 169。 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Superputer ? Generalpurpose puter ? Solves individu
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