【正文】 （英語(yǔ)）高一英語(yǔ)閱讀理解(科普環(huán)保)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練及答案一、高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解科普環(huán)保類(lèi)1．犇犇閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 Superputers which can analyse blood samples and predict which patients are likely to bee seriously ill could save tens of thousands of lives a year, it was revealed last night, according to The Daily Express. The artificial intelligence (AI) system, developed at University College London and set to be piloted in NHS hospitals later this year, will screen at risk patients so doctors can take early action to prevent death or serious illness. Prof Young, a consultant surgeon at Southend University Hospital, said: I am so excited about this form of technology. Instead of people getting sick or dying because they are not picked up in time, this will allow us to step in earlier which will save lives and an enormous amount of money. I think the potential of AI in healthcare like this is as big as the Industrial Revolution was—and signals a pletely new example in the way we manage healthcare. The technology is the brainchild of Dr Vishal Nangalia, a consultant at the Royal Free Hospital in London. He used AI to analyse a billion stored blood samples from 20 different UK hospital trusts dating back up to 12 years. Computers assess blood test results by picking up subtle changes in red and white blood cells, suggesting a patient is going downhill. He found the technique forecast outes of patients with kidney problems with up to 95 per cent accuracy. Traditional methods highlighting serious patient concerns picked up as few as 16 percent of patients who went on to die. This gives us the opportunity not only to save lives but to prevent serious illness, making the health service not only safer but more efficient. Prof Young said, Instead of waiting for people to get worse, we will be able to treat them earlier.（1）What does the underlined phrase screen in Paragraph2 mean? A.fortB.treatC.spotD.nurse（2）How do superputers help save lives? A.By storing blood samples.B.By analyzing patients39。 cases.C.By observing changes in blood cells.D.By assisting doctors with their operations.（3）Why did Professor Young mention the Industrial Revolution? A.To show the influence of AI.B.To stress the importance of health care.C.To introduce the topic of superputers.D.To present the achievement he has acplished.（4）What do we know about the new technology? A.It helps patients recover earlier.B.It has helped save thousands of lives.C.It will promote the health service greatly.D.It is intended for patients with kidney diseases.【答案】 （1）C（2）C（3）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)能夠分析血樣并預(yù)測(cè)哪些病人可能會(huì)患上重病，每年可以挽救數(shù)萬(wàn)人的生命。 （1）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的“so doctors can take early action to prevent death or serious illness. ”以便醫(yī)生能夠及早采取行動(dòng)，預(yù)防死亡或嚴(yán)重疾病，可以猜測(cè)出，人工智能將用于對(duì)高危病人進(jìn)行“篩查”。此處screen意為“篩查”。故選C。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Computers assess blood test results by picking up subtle changes in red and white blood cells, suggesting a patient is going downhill.”可知，計(jì)算機(jī)通過(guò)檢測(cè)紅細(xì)胞和白細(xì)胞的細(xì)微變化來(lái)評(píng)估血液檢測(cè)結(jié)果。故選C。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的I think the potential of AI in healthcare like this is as big as the Industrial Revolution was—and signals a pletely new example in the way we manage healthcare. 楊教授認(rèn)為，人工智能在醫(yī)療保健領(lǐng)域的潛力與工業(yè)革命一樣大，以此類(lèi)比，說(shuō)明人工智能在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域的影響力。故選A。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的Instead of waiting for people to get worse, we will be able to treat them earlier. 可知，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)將能夠更早地治療患者，而不是坐等病情惡化，從而推斷，人工智能這一科技幫助醫(yī)生對(duì)疾病診療早預(yù)判，早介入，從而幫助挽救大量生命，將大大促進(jìn)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類(lèi)閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。2．犇犇閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 While every dog owner knows their dogs can read their moods perfectly, scientists have always been a little doubtful. Now thanks to some researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna, Austria, we finally have some convincing evidence. For their study, biologist Corson Miller and his team exposes eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy. Half the dogs were rewarded for touching the screen when shown a happy face, while the other half got their treat for selecting those that appeared angry. Interestingly, the dogs were not provided with the entire face. Some dogs were shown only upper halves while the others observed lower halves. That39。s because the scientists believe humans show their emotions on their entire face. After some training like how to recognize small differences like the wrinkles between the eyes or the changes in their shape that acpany the happy or angry expressions, the dogs were mostly able to identify the correct expression not only on a familiar face but on a strange face. The researchers concluded the dogs were smart enough to read human emotions. They also found those being trained to read angry expressions took a longer time to learn. They guess it may be because dogs find angry faces disgusting, causing them to withdraw quickly. However, once the smart dogs realized they were getting rewarded, the trepidation seemed to disappear. In fact, the dogs had such a good time playing the puter game That scientists had a hard time keeping them away from the touch screens after the study was pleted. The researchers also noticed only dogs with a male owner had a harder time understanding the expressions correctly. Since the touchscreen models were all females, this confirmed what has been observed in previous studies dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender as their owner.（1）How did the scientists conduct the experiment? leaving dogs to women who are either happy or angry. mixing the selected dogs together. rewarding only half of the dogs touching the screen showing