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cted him our monitor. →He was elected our monitor (by us). 我們選他當(dāng)我們的班長。 They made him do so. →He was made to do so (by them). 他們讓他這樣做的。 5.某些固定句型中的被動語態(tài) (1)It+ be+過去分詞 (said/reported/supposed/suggested/hoped ...)+ that ... It is suggested that you should spend more time on English. 建議你應(yīng)該在英語上多花點(diǎn)時(shí)間。 (2)sb./sth.+ be+過去分詞 (said/reported/thought/considered ...)+不定式。 Cary is said to have explored on the Amazon River. 據(jù)說凱里在亞馬遜河上探過險(xiǎn)。 五、應(yīng)注意的幾個問題 1.主動語態(tài)表被動意義 (1)有些動詞既是及物動詞又是不及物動詞,如 write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook等,它們常與 well, badly, easily等副詞連用,表示主語的內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能, 這時(shí)是不及物動詞,不用被動語態(tài),常用主動形式表示 被動意義。 The cloth washes easily. 這布很好洗。 (2)need/want/require(需要 ), deserve (值得 ), be worth 等后接動名詞的主動語態(tài)表被動意義。 My house needs repairing (= to be repaired). 我的房子需要修理了。 This film is really worth seeing. 這部電影的確值得看。 [考題印證 2] (2020湖南高考 )We39。ve had a good start, but next, more work needs ________ to achieve the final success. A. being done B. do C. to be done D. to do 解析: 選 ??疾榉侵^語動詞。句意:我們已經(jīng)有了一個好的開端,但是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)最后的勝利,接下來還有很多的工作要做。 need在此意為 “需要 ”, sth. need doing,相當(dāng)于 sth. need to be done,意為 “…… 需要被做 ”。 C (3)某些形容詞,如 easy, hard, difficult, fit, fortable, pleasant等作表語,后用動詞 不定式的主動形式表被動意義。 The box seems heavy to carry. 那個箱子似乎搬起來很重。 [考題印證 3] 3- 1(2020遼寧高考 )This machine is very easy ________. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. A. operating B. to be operating C. operated D. to operate 解析: 選 ??疾榉侵^語動詞。在句型 “主語+ be + adj.+ to do”中,如果主語是動詞 do邏輯上的賓語, 用不定式的主動形式表被動,故選 D。 D 3- 2(2020四川高考 )In many people39。s opinion, that pany, though relatively small, is pleasant ________. A. to deal with B. dealing with C. to be dealt with D. dealt with 解析: 選 ??疾閯釉~不定式的用法。某些形容詞 (pleasant, nice, fortable, difficult, hard, easy等 )后接動詞不定式時(shí),常用主動形式表示被 動意義。 A (4)feel, look, seem, taste, sound, remain等系動詞后接 表語時(shí)用主動形式表被動意義。 The material feels very soft. 這種布料摸起來很柔軟。 The food tastes delicious. 這種食品嘗起來很美味。 2.某些動詞短語的被動形式不表被動 有些動詞短語常常用其被動語態(tài)形式,但并不表 示被動,其實(shí)這些動詞的過去分詞已經(jīng)形容詞化 了,我們常說這是一種 “系表結(jié)構(gòu) ”。此類短語常 見的有: be ashamed of 因 …… 而害羞 be connected with 與 …… 有關(guān) be crowded with 擠滿了 …… be devoted to 致力于,獻(xiàn)身于 be lined with 排有,排滿 be pleased with 對 …… 滿意 be satisfied with 對 …… 滿意 be tired of 討厭 …… be tired with 因 …… 而累 be filled with 充滿 …… be used to doing 習(xí)慣于 …… be bored with 對 …… 厭煩 The students were bored with listening to the same song every day. 學(xué)生們厭倦了每天聽同一首歌。 We are interested in swimming. 我們對游泳感興趣。 [點(diǎn)津 ] 被動語態(tài)和系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別: “be+過去分詞 ”可能是被動語態(tài),也可能是系表結(jié)構(gòu),其區(qū)別是:被動語態(tài)表示動作,句子主語是動作的對象;系表結(jié)構(gòu)說明主語所處的狀態(tài),過去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞。 The cup was broken by my brother.(被動語態(tài) ) 這個茶杯是我弟弟打碎的。 The cup is broken.(系表結(jié)構(gòu) ) 這個茶杯破了。 3.不能用被動語態(tài)的幾種情況 (1)不及物動詞 (或動詞短語 )如 happen