【正文】 別：1What do you think of …?=　　How do you like …? “你對…怎么看？”(How…?句中有l(wèi)ike，是動詞。) 2What’s the weather like in…? = How is the weather in…?“…的天氣什么樣?”(What…?句中有l(wèi)ike，是介詞“像”。)　　, cost, pay, spend區(qū)別：　　1 It + take + sb + some time + to do sth.　　It took us half an hour to cut down the tree.　　2 物+cost+sb+錢: The bag cost me thirty yuan. (cost, cost, cost)　　若cost后無sb, 則譯作“價錢是”：The bag costs 30 Yuan.　　3 人+ pay +sb + 錢+ for sth: I paid the seller 200 Yuan for the bike. (pay, paid, paid). (pay后所加內容可視具體情況取舍。)　　4 人 + spend + 時間/ 錢 + on sth / (in) doing sth.　　The girl spent two hours (in) searching the Internet.　　The girl always spends much money on her clothes.　　spend 有時可指“度過”：spend holiday/ weekends/ winter　?。簆ass/ give/ teach/ offer/ lend/ send/ sell/ call/ show/buy/　　ask/ tell/ build等可加雙賓結構。即后接sb + sth.　　其中pass, give, offer, lend, send, sell, show等可接sth + to sb.　　buy, build等可接sth + for sb.　　另外，若sth是代詞時，不用雙賓結構。Please pass it to me.　　：（連詞接句子，介詞接名詞或代詞）　　Keep care l when you are listening to the teacher. （連詞）　　Keep care l when listening to the teacher. （介詞）　　類似的，while, than, before, after, as, since, until等?！　∪纾篒’ll wait until I hear from her. （連詞）　　I’ll wait until next Friday. （介詞）　　: 1. 動詞ed作形容詞：表示被動或已發(fā)生,常作定語。The boy named Peter is my friend.　　那個叫做彼得的男孩是我的朋友。劃線部分起修飾作用，下同?！　e’s eating fried chicken. 他在吃炸雞。There is no time left.　　I have read a novel writtenby Lu ?！　e lives in a house builttwenty years ago.　　2. 動詞ing作形容詞：表示正進行或功能，常作定語。　　the ing boy, a running bus, the rising sun, a bus running on the road, the boy ing in the corner (正進行)　　a sitting room, the sleeping car, the bathing suit (功能)　?。汉托睦砀惺苡嘘P，但ed修飾人，ing常修飾物。I felt surprised at his words.　　How exciting the film is! / I want to go to a place which is relaxing.　?。骸　o be a teacher is my dream. Working hard brings you success.　　Taking care of our environment is very important.　　To plant trees makes me happy. （謂語用單數）　　Reading books gives you knowledge. (謂語用單數)　　Listening and writing are both difficult. (謂語用復數)　　 / after / ago /before: 1later“…時間后”結構：時間段+later　　常用于一般過去時。They went to Beijing five days later.　　(later單獨在句尾，常用于將來時：I’ll see you later.)　　2after“…時間后”結構：after+時間段，常用于一般過去時，和1相同。They went to Beijing after five days.　　(after也可加句子：I’ll send you an after I get home. He found out the information after he had searched the Internet for thirty minutes.)　　3ago“…時間前”結構：時間段+ago, 用于一般過去時。The Greens moved to Shanghai four weeks ago.　　(since +時間段+ago，主句用現在完成時)　　4before 單獨放在句尾，常用現在完成時：“以前”　　I have been to London before. He has seen the film before.　　(若是時間段+before, 則常用過去完成時，譯為“…時間前”：　　I had seen the film two weeks before. We had found out the answer to the problem an hour before.)　?。簊pring春；summer夏；autumn秋；winter冬；season季　　：January, 一月；February, 二月；March, 三月；April, 四月；　　May, 五月；June, 六月；July, 七月；August, 八月；September, 九　　月；October, 十月；November, 十一月；December, 十二月?！　。篠unday, 星期日；Monday, 星期一；Tuesday, 星期二；　　Wednesday, 星期三；Thursday, 星期四；Friday, 星期五；　　Saturday, 星期六。Sunday為第一天，Saturday為最后一天。　　22.“也”：either, 用于否定句的末尾。also, 通常挨著動詞，少用于句尾。too, 通常在句尾，前常有逗號。as well, 只用于句尾?！　∽⒁猓汉笕齻€詞都不用于否定句?！　。簬o不定式有邏輯賓語在前時，to后動詞用及物動詞，不及物時需加介詞。The apples are too tall for the boy to reach. /The zoo is not a good place for animals to live in.　　24.(a) little / (a) few: 1few，little“幾乎沒有；少”否定詞。few加可數名詞復數, little加不可數名詞。2a few“一些”肯定詞，加可數名詞復數。 a little“一些；一點”也是肯定詞，加不可數名詞。3另外，在too, very, so等詞后用few, little。 在only, just, still等詞后用a few, a little. 而quite a few/ a little譯為“很多”　　+副詞：put on/off/away/up/down/out。 break off/down?！　urn on/off/up/down。 get back。 use up。 give away/out/up/back。 try out/on。 ring/call up。 let down。 clean up/out。 set up。 think up。 hand in/out。 fix up。 work out。 。dress up。pick up。 help out?！　eep off/out/down cut down。 write down。 wake up(叫醒)?！　