【正文】 teacher is my dream. Working hard brings you success. Taking care of our environment is very important. To plant trees makes me happy. （謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)） Reading books gives you knowledge. (謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù) ) Listening and writing are both difficult. (謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù) ) / after / ago /before: 1later“?時(shí)間后”結(jié)構(gòu)：時(shí)間段 +later 常用于一般過去時(shí)。 They went to Beijing five days later. (later 單獨(dú)在句尾，常用于將來(lái)時(shí)： I’ll see you later.) 2after“?時(shí)間后”結(jié)構(gòu)： after+時(shí)間段，常用于一般過去時(shí)，和 1 相同。 They went to Beijing after five days. (after 也可加句子： I’ll send you an after I get home. He found out the information after he had searched the Inter for thirty minutes.) 3ago“?時(shí)間前”結(jié)構(gòu)：時(shí)間段 +ago, 用于一般過去 時(shí)。 The Greens moved to Shanghai four weeks ago. (since +時(shí)間段 +ago，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) ) 4before 單獨(dú)放在句尾 ，常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：“以前” I have been to London before. He has seen the film before. (若是 時(shí)間段 +before, 則常用過去完成時(shí)，譯為“?時(shí)間前”： I had seen the film two weeks before. We had found out the answer to the problem an hour before.) ： spring 春； summer 夏； autumn 秋； winter 冬； season 季 ： January, 一月； February, 二月； March, 三月； April, 四月； May, 五月； June, 六月； July, 七月； August, 八月； September, 九 月； October, 十月； November, 十一月； December, 十二月。 ： Sunday, 星期日； Monday, 星 期一； Tuesday, 星期二； Wednesday, 星期三； Thursday, 星期四； Friday, 星期五； Saturday, 星期六。 Sunday為第一天， Saturday為最后一天。 22.“也” ： either, 用于否定句的末尾。 also, 通常挨著動(dòng)詞，少用于句尾。 too, 通常在句尾，前常有逗號(hào)。 as well, 只用于句尾。 注意 ：后三個(gè)詞都不用于否定句。 to 不定式用法之一 ：帶 to 不定式有邏輯賓語(yǔ)在前時(shí)， to 后動(dòng)詞用及物動(dòng)詞，不及物時(shí)需加介詞。 The apples are too tall for the boy to reach. /The zoo is not a good place for animals to live in. 24.(a) little / (a) few: 1few， little“幾乎沒有；少”否定詞。 few 加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) , little 加不可數(shù)名詞。 2a few“一些”肯定詞，加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 。 a little“一些；一點(diǎn)”也是肯定詞，加不可數(shù)名詞。 3 另外，在 too, very, so 等詞后用 few, little。 在 only, just, still 等詞后用 a few, a little. 而 quite a few/ a little 譯為“很多” +副詞 ： put on/off/away/up/down/out。 break off/down。 turn on/off/up/down。 get back。 use up。 give away/out/up/back。 try out/on。 ring/call up。 let down。 clean up/out。 set up。 think up。 hand in/out。 fix up。 work out。 。dress up。pick up。 help out。 keep off/out/down cut down。 write down。 wake up(叫醒 )。 take off/away。 sell out。 look up/over。 eat up。 throw away/off 賓語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，可放在中間或后邊，是代詞時(shí)只放在中間。 ……as 用法 ： 1 和?一樣? His room is as big as mine. He runs as fast as I /me. 2as? as possible/sb can “盡可能?” We went there as soon as 。 Listen to the teacher as carefully you can. 3 有些短語(yǔ)有幾個(gè)意思： as soon as 和?一樣快；一?就?； as much as 和?一樣多；多達(dá)； as long as和?一樣長(zhǎng)；長(zhǎng)達(dá)；只要； as well as 和?一樣好；和?一樣； as far as 遠(yuǎn)達(dá)；就?來(lái)說； 用法 ： prefer sth/doing sth to sth/doing sth 比起?更喜歡? prefer to do sth rather than do sth 寧愿?也不愿? prefer to do sth / prefer doing sth 更喜歡做某事 28. some, any, every用法： 1some“某～，一些～”，用于肯定的陳述句中。 I have something to tell you. Maybe somebody has taken it. 若用于疑問句中表示期待對(duì)方肯定的回答或表示請(qǐng)求或建議 . Why not ask somebody to help you? Shall we give him something to eat? What about some milk? Could you please lend me some chairs? 2any, 在疑問句中仍譯為“某～，一些～” Do you have anything to say？ Is anybody in the house？在肯定句和否定句 中譯為“任何～” You may put the box anywhere in the room. He is taller than any other student in the class. We don’t have anything to eat this morning. 3every“每～”，強(qiáng)調(diào)所有，既包括此也包括彼。 Is everybody here？ No， Tom and Lucy have asked for leave. The glass was broken, and the water went everywhere ： 八個(gè)時(shí)態(tài) ：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) (am/is/are + )、一般將來(lái)時(shí) (will/shall/be going to+動(dòng)詞原形 )、一般過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí) (was/were +)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) (have/has + v. 過去分詞 )、過去完成時(shí) (had + v. 過去分詞 )、過去將來(lái)時(shí) (would + v. 原形 ) 六個(gè)形式 ：原形；過去式；過去分詞；第三人稱單數(shù) (加 s/es)；現(xiàn)在分詞 ()；帶 to 不 定式。 ： if 如果 (引導(dǎo)條件狀從 ) / 是否 (引導(dǎo)賓從 ) whether 無(wú)論 (引導(dǎo)讓步狀從 ) / 是否 (引導(dǎo)賓從 ) 都譯為“是否”時(shí)， whether 可接 or not, 也可接帶 to 不定式。 if 則不可。另外， if可接 any單詞，常不接 some單詞。 If you have any water, please give me some. ： because, 常是對(duì) why的回答，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)。 since, 位置： Since?，? . Since it’s already late, I must go now. for, 位置： ?， for? .語(yǔ)氣最弱。 I drove carefully, for it’s snowing. as 有時(shí)也指“因?yàn)椤保梅ɑ緹o(wú)限制。 ： must, may, might, can, could, can’t must“一定” ，可能性最大，常用于 肯定句 。 There is the door bell, it must be Tom. may / might“也許” 一般用于 肯定句 ， may比 might 可能性大。 She is ing to us. She might be our new teacher. can / could“可能” could 比 can 語(yǔ)氣更委婉。但 can 多用于 否定 。 You could be right, but I don’t think you are. The light in the office is off. The teacher can’t be there now. 與 such 區(qū)別 ： so 是副詞，后跟形容詞 /副詞， so tall/slowly… such 是形容詞，后跟名詞短語(yǔ)。 such bad weather / good news… 。 such a beautiful girl / an important lesson / a heavy stone…。 such kind boys / new desks / friendly people / amazing movies…。 若名詞前形容詞是 many, much, few, little 時(shí)，不用 such, 而用 so. so many flowers / much rain / few friends / little water… 也常有“ so / such …that… ”句型，譯為“如此 … 以致于 … ”。 的另兩個(gè)用法： 1so + be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 /助動(dòng)詞 +主語(yǔ)，“ … 也” 上下文所指不是同一個(gè)人或物。 The twins are working, so am I. I will stay up tonight, and so will Peter. 以及對(duì)話形式： A: I woke up late this morning. B: So did I. 2so + 主語(yǔ) + be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 /助動(dòng)詞，“的確 … 是”上下文所指是同 一個(gè)人或物。 A: We have lunch at school. B: So you do. 又如： A: Bruce can work out the problem. B: So he can. ： neither/nor+ be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 /助動(dòng)詞 +主語(yǔ) “ … 也不”上文是否定句。 She didn’t get well, nor did her brother. 或?qū)υ捫问剑?A: Jim hasn’t had breakfast. B: Neither have I. , make, get,have 用法 ： 1keep + sb/sth doing sth “讓?一直做? ” I’m sorry for keeping you waiting so long. keep + doing sth “堅(jiān)持做某事 ” 2make + sb/sth do sth讓?做某事 I’ll try to make you understand what I mean. I feel sorry that I have made him wait for long. 3get + sb/sth to do ?做某事。 He got Peter to buy him a pen. 4have + 賓語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 /ing /過去分詞 Have him do it, 做 它吧。 We had the machine working. 我們讓那臺(tái)機(jī)器 一直工作 著。 We had the machine 了那臺(tái)機(jī)器（讓那臺(tái)機(jī)器 被修理 了）。 5 也都可接形容詞： keep safe/busy, keep the door closed/open, make us happy, get the door closed, have everything ready. 短語(yǔ) ： used to + 動(dòng)原，“過去常常” He used to smoke. be used to 譯為“被用來(lái)?”，后接動(dòng)原。 It is used to cut