【正文】
and stars vanish. ⑦ The sun sets in the west. ⑧ He works hard. 思維與用法 ⑴ 不及物動(dòng)詞 (Intransitive Verb):這種動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作沒(méi)有作用對(duì)象,其本身意思完整,其后不需帶賓語(yǔ)。在詞典中表示為 vi.。 ⑵這種句型動(dòng)詞后往往帶狀語(yǔ) 這種句型中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后邊雖然不接賓語(yǔ),但通常會(huì)接副詞或者介詞短語(yǔ),來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的程度、地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間等等。 英文中把這種修飾動(dòng)作的成分稱(chēng)作狀語(yǔ)。 例如: ① They shouted loudly. ② He died last night. ⑶ 區(qū)分主系表和主謂狀兩種句型。注意比較: ① He shouted loudly. ② He looks happy. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ) ( +狀語(yǔ)):SVO∕SVOA 例句: ① These children are playing football. ② I love English. ③ I like chatting on the Inter. ④ He speaks English well. 思維與用法 ⑴ 及物動(dòng)詞 (Transitive Verb):這種動(dòng)詞告訴我們由主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作所作用的對(duì)象是什么,這里所作用的對(duì)象我們通常稱(chēng)之為賓語(yǔ),即 賓語(yǔ)是主語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的承受對(duì)象 。因此這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞是帶有賓語(yǔ)的。英語(yǔ)中絕大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞都是及物動(dòng)詞。詞典中標(biāo)為 vt.。 ⑵很多動(dòng)詞既是及物動(dòng)詞,又是不及物動(dòng)詞。比較: ① These children are playing(踢 ) football. ② These children are playing(玩耍 ). ⑶ 在賓語(yǔ)后邊也可接狀語(yǔ) 這種句型的賓語(yǔ)后邊也通常接副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ):SVoO 例句: ① Chatting online will bring you a lot of fun. ② He lent me ten yuan. ③ I will buy you a meal. ④ I gave him my book. ⑤ He showed the guard his passport. 思維與用法 雙賓動(dòng)詞 (Dative Verb):這種動(dòng)詞后面所接成分有人又有物。一般這里的“人”表示動(dòng)作的接受者,稱(chēng)作間接賓語(yǔ) (Indirect Object)?!拔铩北硎緞?dòng)作作用的對(duì)象,是動(dòng)作的承受者,稱(chēng)作直接賓語(yǔ) (Direct Object)。 間接賓語(yǔ)和直接賓語(yǔ)合起來(lái)叫做雙賓語(yǔ) 。 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) : SVOC 例句: ① We can call Inter addicts (上癮的人 ) a Webaholic. ② We elected John our chairman. ③ I found this answer wrong. ④ You can leave the door open. ⑤ A hedge(樹(shù)籬 ) between keeps friendship green. 思維與用法